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Shloka 12

कर्णभीमसमागमः | Karṇa–Bhīma Encounter

संजय उवाच त॑ तथा भाषमाणं तु मद्रराजमरिंदम:

sañjaya uvāca | taṁ tathā bhāṣamāṇaṁ tu madrarājam ariṁdamaḥ |

三阇耶说道:当摩陀罗之王如此陈辞之时,那位降伏仇敌者已听闻并察见。此处叙述标记了战议氛围中的关键一刻:君王之言不仅作为谋略被衡量,更作为在战斗道德重压之下应有的王者行止而被审视。

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus; in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
भाषमाणम्speaking
भाषमाणम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut; indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मद्रराजम्the king of Madra (Shalya)
मद्रराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अरिंदमःfoe-subduer (epithet)
अरिंदमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरिंदम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Madrarāja (King of Madra, Śalya)

Educational Q&A

The verse itself is a narrative hinge rather than a direct maxim: it highlights that in the Mahābhārata, speech—especially a king’s counsel in wartime—carries ethical weight and is closely attended by heroic actors whose epithets remind the listener of duty and consequence.

Sañjaya reports that the king of Madra (Śalya) is speaking ‘thus’ (continuing a prior statement), and a hero described as ‘ariṁdama’ (foe-subduer) is engaged with that speech—setting up the next action or response in the surrounding passage.