Shloka 139

Devanagari script

एवं तस्य गुणान्‌ प्रीतो बहुशो5कथयत्‌ प्रभु: । देवतानां पितृणां च समक्षमरिसूदन,शत्रुसूदन! इसी प्रकार प्रसन्न हुए भगवान्‌ शिवने देवताओं और पितरोंके समक्ष भी बारंबार प्रसन्नतापूर्वक उनके गुणोंका वर्णन किया

Transliteration

evaṁ tasya guṇān prīto bahuśo ’kathayat prabhuḥ | devatānāṁ pitṝṇāṁ ca samakṣam arisūdana ||

Translation

噢，诛敌者！主宰因喜悦而一再称述其德，且在诸天与祖灵（皮特里）面前亦屡屡赞扬。

Word by Word

एवम्thus

तस्यof him/that

गुणान्qualities, virtues

प्रीतःpleased, delighted

बहुशःmany times, repeatedly

अकथयत्told, described

प्रभुःthe lord, master

देवतानाम्of the gods

पितृणाम्of the ancestors (pitṛs)

चand

समक्षम्in the presence of

अरिसूदनO slayer of foes

शत्रुसूदनO slayer of enemies

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Duryodhana

Prabhu (the Lord; contextually Śiva in the accompanying Hindi gloss)

Devatāḥ (gods)

Pitṛs (ancestral Fathers)

Arisūdana (epithet: slayer of foes; addressee)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Virtue gains moral weight when affirmed by a higher, impartial authority; repeated public praise before respected witnesses (gods and ancestors) functions as ethical validation and encourages others to value and imitate such qualities.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana reports that the Lord—understood in this context as Śiva—was pleased and repeatedly described a person’s virtues in the presence of the gods and the Pitṛs, thereby publicly endorsing that person’s merit.