Shloka 45
कर्णेन व्यूहविधानम् — Karṇa’s Battle Formation and the Pāṇḍava Counter-Plan
Adhyāya 31
अथान्योन्यस्य संयोगाच्चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य भारत । भारत! इन्हींसे अनुलोम और विलोम क्रमसे विभिन्न वर्णोकी उत्पत्ति होती है। चारों वर्णोके पारस्परिक संयोगसे अन्य जातियाँ उत्पन्न हुई हैं ।।
athānyonyasya saṃyogāc cāturvarṇyasya bhārata | bhārata! ebhiḥ anūloma-viloma-krameṇa vividhavarṇānāṃ utpattiḥ bhavati | caturṇāṃ varṇānāṃ paraspara-saṃyogād anyā jātaya utpannāḥ || goptāraḥ saṅgṛhītāro dātāraḥ kṣatriyāḥ smṛtāḥ | brāhmaṇā yajñakārakā vedādhyāpakāḥ śuddha-dāna-grahītāraś ca brahmaṇā bhūtale sthāpitāḥ sarvajagadanugrahārtham ||
沙利耶说道：“噢，婆罗多啊！在四姓（varṇa）的社会秩序之中，由彼此结合又生出更多族类——既有顺序的‘随顺婚’（anuloma），也有逆序的‘逆顺婚’（viloma）。四姓相互杂糅，便产生其他诸多共同体。刹帝利被记述为：护佑众人、征收赋税、施与赠赐者。婆罗门则以主持祭祀、教授吠陀、只受清净无瑕之施为生；为使世间蒙福，梵天（Brahmā）将他们安立于大地之上。”
शल्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage outlines a traditional dharma-based view of social functions: Kṣatriyas are defined by protection, revenue-collection, and generosity, while Brāhmaṇas are defined by ritual service, Vedic instruction, and ethically regulated acceptance of gifts—presented as roles meant for the welfare of society.
In Karṇa Parva, Śalya is speaking and shifts into a didactic explanation of varṇa origins (through mutual unions) and the normative duties of Kṣatriyas and Brāhmaṇas, framing these roles as established for maintaining order and benefiting the world.