Shloka 76

Devanagari script

उत्तमं व्यसन प्राप्तो भूमावेवावतिष्ठत । उस अश्वहीन रथसे कूदकर आपका पुत्र भारी संकटमें पड़नेपर भी वहाँ पृथ्वीपर ही खड़ा रहा (युद्ध छोड़कर भागा नहीं)

Transliteration

uttamaṃ vyasanaṃ prāpto bhūmāv evāvatiṣṭhata | aśvahīnaḥ rathasthaḥ kṛcchre ’pi na vyapākrāmat ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：“陷入最深重的灾厄之中，陛下之子仍立于大地，不退不逃。纵然战车已失去马匹，危难逼迫至极，他也未曾背离战阵——在危局之前显出坚忍。”

Word by Word

• उत्तमम्: the highest/very great
• उत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• व्यसनम्: calamity, misfortune
• व्यसनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यसन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप्तः: having obtained/encountered
• प्राप्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भूमौ: on the ground/earth
• भूमौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अवतिष्ठत: stood, remained
• अवतिष्ठत: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-स्था
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'your son')
• Duryodhana (implied as 'your son')
• chariot (ratha)
• horses (aśva)
• earth/ground (bhūmi)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid severe misfortune and tactical disadvantage, a warrior’s resolve is tested by whether he holds his ground or abandons his duty; here the emphasis is on steadfastness and refusal to retreat in crisis.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana, though in great peril and with his chariot rendered horseless, remained on the battlefield and did not run away.