Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 20

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

भीमसेनस्तु सम्प्रेक्ष्य पुत्रांस्तव जनेश्वर । प्रजज्वाल रणे क्रुद्धो हविषा हव्यवाडिव

sañjaya uvāca | bhīmasenas tu samprekṣya putrāṁs tava janeśvara | prajajvāla raṇe kruddho haviṣā havyavāḍ iva ||

三阇耶说道:人中之主啊,毗摩塞那一见到你的诸子,便在战场上怒焰腾起——如祭火得酥油供养而愈加炽盛。那迦罗婆众的身影,竟成了燃料,使他在这既正当又可怖的战争之业中,决意与怒气更为强烈。

भीमसेनःBhimasena
भीमसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सम्प्रेक्ष्यhaving looked at/seeing
सम्प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+प्रेक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
जनेश्वरO lord of men
जनेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootजन-ईश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रजज्वालblazed up
प्रजज्वाल:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+ज्वल्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हविषाwith oblation (ghee, etc.)
हविषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहविस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हव्यवाडिवत्like the oblation-eater (fire)
हव्यवाडिवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootहव्यवाडि + वत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhima)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address janeśvara)
K
Kaurava princes (your sons)
S
Sacrificial fire (havyavāṭ)
H
Havis (ghee oblation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how powerful emotions—especially wrath—can be intensified by their immediate causes, just as fire grows when fed with ghee. In the ethical frame of the Mahābhārata, it also suggests that the accumulated consequences of adharma can ignite fierce retaliation in a dharma-bound conflict.

Sañjaya describes Bhīma on the battlefield: upon seeing Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons (the Kaurava warriors), Bhīma’s anger surges and he ‘blazes’ in combat readiness, compared to a sacrificial fire flaring up when offered ghee.