Shloka 41

Devanagari script

रथिनो रथिभश्रि: सार्ध कुलपुत्रास्तनुत्यज: । परां शक्ति समास्थाय चक्कु: कर्माण्यभीतवत्‌

Transliteration

rathino rathibhaśriḥ sārdhaṃ kulaputrās tanutyajāḥ | parāṃ śaktiṃ samāsthāya cakruḥ karmāṇy abhītavat ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：那些战车武士，披着武威的光辉；又有出身高贵、甘愿舍身的青年，与他们并肩而立，凭依至高的决断，无畏地履行各自的职责。

Word by Word

• रथिनः: chariot-warriors
• रथिनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• रथिभश्रियः: those whose splendor is (among) chariot-fighters / illustrious chariot-warriors
• रथिभश्रियः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिभश्री
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सार्धम्: together (with)
• सार्धम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम्

• कुलपुत्राः: sons of noble families
• कुलपुत्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुलपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तनुत्यजाः: body-surrenderers (ready to give up their bodies)
• तनुत्यजाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तनुत्यज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पराम्: supreme, highest
• पराम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• शक्तिम्: power; energy; might
• शक्तिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्ति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• समास्थाय: having resorted to; having taken up
• समास्थाय: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-स्था
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• चक्रुः: they did; they performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Plural

• कर्माणि: deeds; actions
• कर्माणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अभीतवत्: fearlessly; like one unafraid
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभीतवत्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• rathinaḥ (chariot-warriors)
• kulaputrāḥ (noble-born youths)
• ratha (chariot, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

That steadfastness in one’s duty (karma) requires inner strength and fearlessness; true valor is disciplined resolve—acting without panic even when life may be sacrificed.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes the warriors on the battlefield: chariot-fighters and noble youths, prepared to give up their lives, take up supreme resolve and proceed to perform their martial tasks without fear.