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Shloka 90

भीष्मशिबिरगमनम् — Duryodhana’s Visit to Bhīṣma’s Camp and the Command Appeal

कि पुनः पृथिवीशूरैयोंधव्रातैः समावृत: । इत्यब्रुवन्‌ महाराज रणे द्रोणेन पीडिता:

ki punaḥ pṛthivīśūraiḥ yodhavrātaiḥ samāvṛtaḥ | ity abruvan mahārāja raṇe droṇena pīḍitāḥ ||

三阇耶说:“更何况,伟大的君王啊,当他又被大地上闻名的英雄武士之众所环绕,还须多言什么呢?”于是,般度五子在战场上受德罗纳猛攻所苦,惶然而言——他们承认德罗纳一人似乎就能毁灭整支军阵;而当名将群集护卫其侧时,他的胜势更显无可置疑。

किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
पुनःagain; moreover; then
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पृथिवीशूरैःby the heroes of the earth (world-famous heroes)
पृथिवीशूरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी-शूर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
योद्धव्रातैःby multitudes/groups of warriors
योद्धव्रातैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयोद्ध-व्रात
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
समावृतःsurrounded; encompassed
समावृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√वृ (वृञ् आवरणे)
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
अब्रुवन्they said
अब्रुवन्:
TypeVerb
Root√ब्रू (ब्रूञ् वचने)
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-राजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formmasculine, locative, singular
द्रोणेनby Droṇa
द्रोणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
पीडिताःafflicted; oppressed
पीडिताः:
TypeVerb
Root√पीड् (पीड् उपतापे)
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')
P
Pāṇḍavas (implied by context: 'they spoke')
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how fear and the spectacle of superior force can overwhelm discernment in war: when a commander’s prowess appears irresistible and he is backed by famed warriors, opponents may assume defeat is inevitable. Ethically, it cautions that morale and clear judgment are crucial in kṣatriya duty, and that perception in battle can be as decisive as numbers.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Pāṇḍavas, harried by Droṇa on the battlefield, speak anxiously. They remark that Droṇa alone seems capable of destroying entire armies; therefore, with celebrated warrior-companies surrounding him, his success seems even more certain.