Shloka 38

भीष्मशिबिरगमनम् — Duryodhana’s Visit to Bhīṣma’s Camp and the Command Appeal

Devanagari script

इरावानपि संक्रुद्धः सर्वास्तान्‌ निशितै: शरै: । मोहयामास समरे विद्ध्वा परपुरंजय:

Transliteration

irāvān api saṅkruddhaḥ sarvāstāṁ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ | mohayāmāsa samare viddhvā parapuraṁjayaḥ ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：伊罗梵亦怒火中烧，在战斗中以锐利之箭射中诸敌，使他们迷乱昏眩。那位英雄——以攻克敌方城堡而闻名——凭借穿透的箭矢令对阵之军陷入混乱。

Word by Word

• इरावान्: Iravan
• इरावान्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: इरावत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• संक्रुद्धः: enraged
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सं + क्रुध् (धातु) → संक्रुद्ध (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वान्: all (of them)
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• निशितैः: with sharp
• निशितैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निशित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• शरैः: arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• मोहयामास: bewildered/stupefied
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुह् (धातु) → मोहय (णिजन्त) + आमास (परस्मैपद-परिप्रयोग)
• Form: Periphrastic Perfect (लिट्-परिप्रयोग), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• विद्ध्वा: having pierced/struck
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: व्यध्/विध् (धातु) → विद्ध्वा (क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा)

• परपुरंजयः: conqueror of enemy-cities
• परपुरंजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर-पुर-जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Irāvān
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a battlefield ethic of kṣatriya-dharma: decisive action and martial skill are praised, yet it also shows how anger (krodha) intensifies violence and spreads confusion (moha) in war—an implicit reminder that passion can overwhelm clarity even amid heroic duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Irāvān, angered, attacks the opposing warriors with sharp arrows. By piercing them he renders them bewildered and faint, earning the description 'conqueror of enemy strongholds' for his effective, forceful assault.