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Shloka 19

भीष्मशिबिरगमनम् — Duryodhana’s Visit to Bhīṣma’s Camp and the Command Appeal

उत्पेतु: सहसा राजन्‌ हंसा इव महोदधौ । ते त्वदीयान्‌ समासाद्य हयसंघान्‌ मनोजवान्‌

sañjaya uvāca | utpetuḥ sahasā rājan haṃsā iva mahodadhau | te tvadīyān samāsādya hayasaṅghān manojavān rājann urasā urasi ca nāsikayā ca parasparaṃ nāsikāsu prahārān pracakruḥ | te sahasā vegapūrvam abhihatyābhihatyā pṛthivyāṃ nipetuḥ |

三阇耶说道:大王啊,它们忽然腾跃,如同群鹅掠起于大海之上。逼近你那疾如心念的马群,便开始相击——胸撞胸、吻触吻,彼此冲撞不休。一次又一次,在骤然的猛力碰撞中,它们坠倒于地。

उत्पेतुःleapt up / sprang
उत्पेतुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√पत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हंसाःswans
हंसाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहंस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike / as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महोदधौin the great ocean
महोदधौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहोदधि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्वदीयान्your (belonging to you)
त्वदीयान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वदीय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समासाद्यhaving approached / reaching
समासाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
हयसंघान्troops/groups of horses
हयसंघान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहयसंघ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मनोजवान्swift as the mind
मनोजवान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमनोजव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
K
King Dhritarashtra (implied by 'rājan')
H
horses (haya)
G
great ocean (mahodadhi)
S
swans (haṃsa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, speed and aggression quickly become self-destructive: mutual collision leads to injury and collapse. It implicitly warns that unchecked force and rivalry produce suffering for both sides.

Sanjaya describes a sudden clash involving fast-moving horse formations. They surge forward like swans over the ocean, collide chest-to-chest and muzzle-to-muzzle, and repeatedly crash down to the ground from the force of impact.