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Shloka 61

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya-saṃvādaḥ; madhyāhna-saṅgrāma-pravṛttiḥ

Dhritarashtra–Sanjaya dialogue and the midday battle escalation

हताश्वश्व ततस्तूर्ण वृषकस्य रथं ययौ । श्यालस्य ते महाराज तव पुत्रस्य पश्यत:,महाराज! तब घोड़ोंके मारे जानेपर कृतवर्मा आपके पुत्रके देखते-देखते तुरंत ही आपके साले वृषकके रथपर सवार हो गया

hatāśvaśvaḥ tataḥ tūrṇaṁ vṛṣakasya rathaṁ yayau | śyālasya te mahārāja tava putrasya paśyataḥ ||

三阇耶说道:当他的战马被杀之后,克利多跋摩那立刻奔向弗利沙迦的战车——大王,那是您的姻亲(妹夫/内亲)——并在您儿子眼前登车。此刻凸显战场的务实:为保全继续作战的能力,武士须即刻夺取或借得乘具;而亲族关系与王子亲眼所见,又使这一举动更添道义压力。

हताश्वःwhose horses were slain / horse-less (by slaughter)
हताश्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहताश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्णम्
वृषकस्यof Vṛṣaka
वृषकस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवृषक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ययौwent, proceeded
ययौ:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
श्यालस्यof (your) brother-in-law
श्यालस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootश्याल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तेof you / your
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तवof you / your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
पुत्रस्यof (your) son
पुत्रस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पश्यतःwhile (he) was seeing; in the presence of (him) watching
पश्यतः:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootपश्यत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kṛtavarman
V
Vṛṣaka
T
tava putra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son)
R
ratha (chariot)
A
aśva (horses)

Educational Q&A

In war-narrative terms, the verse highlights the duty to remain effective in one’s role: when a chariot is disabled (horses killed), a warrior must promptly restore mobility. Ethically, it also frames action under scrutiny—choices made ‘in the presence’ of a prince carry added responsibility and reflect on loyalty and composure amid crisis.

Kṛtavarman’s chariot becomes unusable because its horses are killed. He immediately goes to and mounts the chariot of Vṛṣaka, identified as Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s brother-in-law, and this occurs while Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son is watching.