Shloka 52
Devanagari script
हयांश्व चतुर: शीघ्रं निजघान महाबल: । शरैश्वैनं सुनिशितै: क्षिप्रं विव्याध सप्तभि:
Transliteration
hayāṁś caturaḥ śīghraṁ nijaghāna mahābalaḥ | śaraiś cainaṁ suniśitaiḥ kṣipraṁ vivyādha saptabhiḥ ||
Translation
三阇耶说道：“那位大力的战士迅疾击倒四匹战马；继而以七支极其锋利的箭矢，立刻也刺中了他。”
Word by Word
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र
निजघानstruck down / slew
निजघान:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + हन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
महाबलःthe mighty one (of great strength)
महाबलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सुनिशितैःwith very sharp (ones)
सुनिशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुनिशित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
क्षिप्रम्quickly
क्षिप्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र
विव्याधpierced
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + व्यध्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
सप्तभिःwith seven
सप्तभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootसप्तन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaF
four horsesA
arrowsCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how, in war, strategic action often targets an opponent’s means of movement and defense first; it implicitly reflects the harsh logic of kṣatriya warfare, where effectiveness and speed can decide life and death, even as the ethical burden of such acts is carried within the larger dharmic conflict.
Sañjaya describes a powerful fighter rapidly killing the four horses of an enemy’s chariot and then immediately wounding the enemy himself with seven extremely sharp arrows.