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Shloka 38

Saubhadra under Concentrated Assault; Pārṣata’s Intervention and Escalation

ततः सा महती सेना कलिड्वानां जनेश्वर । भीममभ्युद्ययौ तूर्ण तव पुत्रस्य शासनात्‌,जनेश्वर! उस समय आपके पुत्रकी आज्ञासे कलिंगदेशीय वीरोंकी वह विशाल सेना तुरंत ही भीमसेनके सम्मुख आ पहुँची

tataḥ sā mahatī senā kaliṅgavānāṁ janeśvara | bhīmam abhyudyayau tūrṇaṁ tava putrasya śāsanāt ||

三阇耶说道:人中王啊,当时奉你儿子的号令,那支由羯陵伽勇士组成的浩大军势迅疾推进,直逼毗摩。此景昭示:王命一出,万军随动,众人皆被一位统治者的意志所牵引,承担其在战争道德风暴中的后果。

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from that/then')
साthat (she/it)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
महतीgreat, huge
महती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
सेनाarmy
सेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
कलिङ्गानाम्of the Kalingas
कलिङ्गानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकलिङ्ग
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
जनेश्वरO lord of men
जनेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootजन-ईश्वर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
भीमम्Bhima
भीमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अभ्युद्ययौadvanced toward / marched against
अभ्युद्ययौ:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-उद्-या
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
तूर्णम्swiftly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्णम्
Formindeclinable (adverb)
तवyour
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
पुत्रस्यof (your) son
पुत्रस्य:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
शासनात्from the command / by the order
शासनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशासन
Formneuter, ablative, singular
जनेश्वरO lord of men
जनेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootजन-ईश्वर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
D
Duryodhana (implied by 'your son')
K
Kaliṅga (people/warriors)
K
Kaliṅga-deśa (region, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of rulership: a king’s (or prince’s) command can propel multitudes into violence and its karmic consequences. It invites reflection on responsible authority, discernment in obedience, and how war magnifies the moral impact of decisions made at the top.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a large contingent of Kaliṅga warriors, acting on the order of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son (Duryodhana), rapidly advances to engage Bhīma on the battlefield.