Shloka 68

गौरुडव्यूह-रचना तथा अर्धचन्द्र-प्रत्यव्यूह

Garuḍa Array and the Ardhacandra Counter-Formation

Devanagari script

ततः सेनापति:ः क्रुद्धों भीष्मं बहुभिरायसै:

Transliteration

tataḥ senāpatiḥ kruddho bhīṣmaṃ bahubhir āyasaiḥ

Translation

三阇耶说道：这时那统帅怒火炽盛，以众多铁制兵刃攻袭毗湿摩——战场狂怒之象，私怨驱使暴力升级，竟加诸于这位受敬的老将。

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततस्
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')

• सेनापतिः: the commander (of the army)
• सेनापतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेनापति
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• भीष्मम्: Bhishma
• भीष्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, accusative, singular

• बहुभिः: with many
• बहुभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, instrumental, plural

• आयसैः: iron (weapons/shafts)
• आयसैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयस
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, instrumental, plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• senāpati (commander)
• Bhīṣma
• āyasa (iron weapons)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) can overtake judgment even in a dharma-framed war, turning combat into a personal, escalating assault—an ethical warning about the corrosive power of wrath in leadership and conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that an enraged commander attacks Bhīṣma with numerous iron weapons, intensifying the battle action around Bhīṣma, the central Kuru warrior.