Shloka 46

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

Devanagari script

तमापततन्तं सम्प्रेक्ष्य मत्तवारणविक्रमम्‌,मतवाले हाथीके समान पराक्रम प्रकट करनेवाले श्वेतको धावा करते देख आपके सात रथियोंने मौतके दाँतोंमें फँसे हुए मद्रराज शल्यको बचानेकी इच्छा रखकर उन्हें चारों ओरसे घेर लिया

Transliteration

tam āpatatantaṃ samprekṣya mattavāraṇavikramaṃ, matavāle hāthīke samāna parākrama prakaṭ karanevāle śvetako dhāvā karate dekh āpake sāt rathiyōne mautake dāṁtōṁmeṁ phaṁse hue madrarāja śalyako bacānekī icchā rakhkar unheṁ cāroṁ orase gher liyā

Translation

三阇耶说道：见到施韦塔猛然冲锋，勇势如狂象奔突，你方七位战车勇士为救摩陀罗王沙利耶——那已似坠入死神獠牙之中者——便从四面将他团团护围。

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आपतन्तम्: rushing/charging (towards)
• आपतन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: आपत् (धातु: पत्/आपत्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य: having seen
• सम्प्रेक्ष्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + प्र + ईक्ष्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)

• मत्त: intoxicated/maddened
• मत्त: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मत्त
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• वारण: elephant
• वारण: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वारण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विक्रमम्: prowess/valor
• विक्रमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विक्रम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मतवाले: in/like an intoxicated one
• मतवाले: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मतवालिन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• हाथीके: of an elephant
• हाथीके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्तिन् (हाथी)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• समान: equal to/like
• समान: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पराक्रम: heroic might
• पराक्रम: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराक्रम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रकट: manifest
• प्रकट: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रकट
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• करनेवाले: doing/making (those who do)
• करनेवाले: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु: कृ)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ/तृच् (agentive sense; Hindi calque)

• श्वेतको: Śveta (proper name)
• श्वेतको: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वेत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• धावा: charge/rush
• धावा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धाव (धातु: धाव्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• करते: does/makes
• करते: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु: कृ)
• Form: Present, Third, Singular

• देख: seeing
• देख: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा/ल्यप् (Hindi 'dekh' = having seen)

• आपके: your
• आपके: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• सात: seven
• सात: Karta
• Type: Numeral
• Root: सप्तन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• रथियोंने: chariot-warriors
• रथियोंने: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• मौतके: of death
• मौतके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत्यु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• दाँतोंमें: in the teeth/jaws
• दाँतोंमें: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दन्त
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• फँसे: caught/trapped
• फँसे: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: फस् (Hindi; Sanskrit: सञ्ज्/लग् sense)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle; Hindi form)

• हुए: having become/being
• हुए: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु: भू)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past participle; Hindi auxiliary sense)

• मद्रराज: king of Madra
• मद्रराज: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद्रराज
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शल्यको: Śalya
• शल्यको: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शल्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• बचानेकी: to save
• बचानेकी: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: रक्ष् (धातु: रक्ष्)
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive sense; Hindi 'bachāne kī')

• इच्छा: desire
• इच्छा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इच्छा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• रखकर: having kept/with (that) intention
• रखकर: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ (धातु: धृ)
• Form: क्त्वा/ल्यप् (Hindi 'rakhkar' = having held/kept)

• उन्हें: him (Śalya)
• उन्हें: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• चारों: all four (sides)
• चारों: Adhikarana
• Type: Numeral
• Root: चतुर्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• ओरसे: from the side(s)
• ओरसे: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिक्/ओर (direction)
• Form: Feminine, Ablative, Singular

• घेर: surround
• घेर: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत्/परिवृत् (sense; Hindi 'gher')
• Form: root-form used as verbal base (Hindi calque)

• लिया: took/they surrounded
• लिया: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ्/ग्रह् (sense; Hindi 'liyā')
• Form: Past (Hindi perfective), Third, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Śveta
• Śalya
• Madra (kingdom)
• seven chariot-warriors (Kaurava side)