Shloka 51

Chapter 47: Krauñca-vyūha Deployment and Conch-Signals

Kaurava–Pāṇḍava Readiness

Devanagari script

स द्रोणमभिवाद्याथ कृत्वा चाभिप्रदक्षिणम्‌ । उवाच राजा दुर्धर्षमात्मनि:श्रेयसं वच:

Transliteration

sa droṇam abhivādyātha kṛtvā cābhipradakṣiṇam | uvāca rājā durdharṣam ātmaniḥśreyasaṃ vacaḥ ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：国王遂趋近德罗那，致敬礼拜，并绕行其周以示尊崇。既已礼敬这位不可战胜的武艺宗师，他便开口询问那真正有益于自身至上福祉之道——纵在战云逼迫之中，亦以义务与正法高于骄矜。

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्रोणम्: Drona
• द्रोणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभिवाद्य: having saluted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√वद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), prior action

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• कृत्वा: having done/made
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), prior action

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अभिप्रदक्षिणम्: circumambulation (keeping to the right)
• अभिप्रदक्षिणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभि-प्र-दक्षिण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उवाच: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुर्धर्षम्: hard to assail/irresistible (to him)
• दुर्धर्षम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्धर्ष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आत्मनि:श्रेयसम्: one's own highest good/welfare
• आत्मनि:श्रेयसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मनि:श्रेयस
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वचः: speech/words
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Droṇa
• the king (Yudhiṣṭhira, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in warfare, dharmic conduct requires humility and reverence toward one’s teacher; seeking niḥśreyasa (true welfare) means asking for right counsel rather than acting from ego or haste.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yudhiṣṭhira (the king), as Sañjaya narrates, goes to Droṇa, salutes him and circumambulates him, then speaks to him with a request or inquiry aimed at his own proper course and welfare.