Shloka 22
भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation
यत्तु कृत्स्नवदेकस्मिन् कार्य सक्तमहैतुकम् । अतत्त्वार्थवदल्पं च तत् तामसमुदाह्ृतम्
yat tu kṛtsnavad ekasmin kārye saktam ahaitukam | atattvārthavad alpaṃ ca tat tāmasam udāhṛtam ||
然而，那种理解执著于一事，仿佛此事即为全体；无合理根据，浅薄且违背事物真实本性——此被宣说为昏暗性（tāmasa）。
अजुन उवाच
Educational Q&A
A tamasic mode of understanding is narrow and deluded: it fixates on one action as if it were everything, lacks sound reasoning, and misconstrues reality—therefore it cannot guide ethical choice or dharmic conduct.
In the Bhīṣma Parva’s teaching discourse, Arjuna is engaged in discerning the qualities of right judgment; this verse characterizes the lowest (tāmasic) kind of understanding by its irrational attachment, partial vision, and error about what is truly right.