Shloka 19

ध्यानयोगः — Dhyāna-Yoga

Discipline of Meditation and Mental Restraint

Devanagari script

सम्बन्ध-- इस प्रकार कर्ममें अकर्म और अकर्ममें कर्म-दर्शनका महत्त्व बतलाकर अब पाँच शलोकोंमें भिन्न-भिन्न शैलीसे उपर्युक्त कर्ममें अकर्म और अकर्ममें कर्मदर्शनपूर्वक कर्म करनेवाले सिद्ध और साधक पुरुषोंकी असंगताका वर्णन करके उस विषयको स्पष्ट करते हैं-- यस्य सर्वे समारम्भा: कामसंकल्पवर्जिता: । ज्ञानाग्निदग्धकर्माणं तमाहु: पण्डितं बुधा:

Transliteration

yasya sarve samārambhāḥ kāma-saṅkalpa-varjitāḥ | jñānāgni-dagdha-karmāṇaṁ tam āhuḥ paṇḍitaṁ budhāḥ ||

Translation

智者称此人为真正的圣贤：他的一切作为皆无欲望与私心之谋，而其诸业已为智慧之火所焚尽。此人虽仍依正法行于世间，内心却不系著，因为洞见已消融业力的系缚之势。

Word by Word

• यस्य: of whom/whose
• यस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• समारम्भाः: undertakings/initiations (of actions)
• समारम्भाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: समारम्भ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कामसंकल्पवर्जिताः: devoid of desire and (selfish) resolve
• कामसंकल्पवर्जिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काम-संकल्प-वर्जित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ज्ञानाग्निदग्धकर्माणम्: him whose actions are burnt by the fire of knowledge
• ज्ञानाग्निदग्धकर्माणम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्ञान-अग्नि-दग्ध-कर्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आहुः: say/call
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• पण्डितम्: a learned man/wise one
• पण्डितम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्डित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• बुधाः: the wise (people)
• बुधाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna (as speaker, per provided metadata)
• the wise (budhāḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A person becomes truly wise when actions are performed without desire for personal gain and without ego-driven intention; through knowledge, the binding residue of karma is ‘burned,’ so action no longer enslaves.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Gītā’s instruction on karma-yoga, the teaching clarifies how one may act in the world yet remain free: the mark of a sage is desireless undertaking and knowledge that removes karmic bondage.