Shloka 43

कर्मयोग–ज्ञानयज्ञ–अवतारोपदेश

Karma-Yoga, Jñāna-Yajña, and Avatāra Instruction

Devanagari script

कामात्मान: स्वर्गपरा जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम्‌ । क्रियाविशेषबहुलां भोगैश्वर्यगतिं प्रति

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | kāmātmānaḥ svargaparā janma-karma-phala-pradām | kriyā-viśeṣa-bahulāṁ bhogaiśvarya-gatiṁ prati ||

Translation

三阇耶说：那些以欲望为性、以天界为最高归宿，并宣扬一种许诺再生与祭仪业果之说——充满种种专门仪式，旨在获得享乐与世间权势——便说出这般华饰炫耀之言。为其言辞所迷、贪著于乐与权势者，不能得向至上者的坚定决断之智。

Word by Word

• कामात्मानः: those whose self is desire; desire-driven persons
• कामात्मानः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कामात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स्वर्गपराः: having heaven as the highest goal
• स्वर्गपराः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्गपर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम्: granting birth and the fruits of actions
• जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जन्मकर्मफलप्रदा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• क्रियाविशेषबहुलाम्: abounding in various specific rites/actions
• क्रियाविशेषबहुलाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रियाविशेषबहुला
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• भोगैश्वर्यगतिम्: the course/attainment of enjoyment and lordship
• भोगैश्वर्यगतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोगैश्वर्यगति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Svarga (heaven)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Desire-driven people who treat heaven, pleasure, and power as the highest goals become captivated by ornate Vedic-sounding promises of ritual rewards; such attachment prevents firm, God-oriented discernment and steadiness of understanding.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports the teaching being given to Arjuna: a critique of those who cling to reward-centered ritual speech and pursue enjoyment and prosperity, contrasting them with the ideal of resolute spiritual understanding aimed at the Supreme.