Shloka 1
कर्मयोग–ज्ञानयज्ञ–अवतारोपदेश
Karma-Yoga, Jñāna-Yajña, and Avatāra Instruction
इस प्रकार श्रीमहाभारत भीष्मपर्वके श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतापवके अन्तर्गत ब्रह्मविद्या एवं यणेशासत्ररूप श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतोपनिषद्: श्रीकृष्णाजुनसंवादमें अर्जुनविषादयोग नामक पहला अध्याय पूरा हुआ
sañjaya uvāca |
taṁ tathā kṛpayāviṣṭam aśru-pūrṇākulekṣaṇam |
viṣīdantam idaṁ vākyam uvāca madhusūdanaḥ ||
桑贾亚说：见阿周那如此——为悲悯所笼罩，双目惶乱、泪水盈眶，心神沉入忧苦——马杜苏达那（克里希纳，诛灭马杜者）便对他说了这些话。这一幕正是战争核心的伦理危机：怜悯与执著使他的职责瘫痪，而克里希纳开始引他回归达摩与清明的辨识。
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse sets up Krishna’s corrective teaching: compassion and attachment, when they lead to paralysis and abandonment of rightful duty, must be examined and transformed into clear discernment (viveka) aligned with dharma.
Sanjaya describes Arjuna’s emotional collapse—tearful, shaken, and despondent—after seeing his kin on both sides. In response, Krishna begins speaking, initiating the main instruction of the Gita in the second chapter.