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Shloka 17

Bhīṣma-nipāta-saṃvāda — Sañjaya’s Report of Bhīṣma’s Fall (भीष्मनिपातसंवादः)

कथं शान्तनवं दृष्टवा पाण्डवानामनीकिनी । प्रहर्तुमशकत्‌ तत्र भीष्म॑ भीमपराक्रमम्‌,शान्तनुनन्दन भीष्म तो बड़े भयंकर पराक्रमी थे, उन्हें सामने देखकर पाण्डवसेना उनपर प्रहार कैसे कर सकी?

kathaṁ śāntanavaṁ dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavānām anīkinī | prahartum aśakat tatra bhīṣmaṁ bhīmaparākramam ||

持国王说道:“见到毗湿摩——善檀奴之子,威势可怖、不可抵挡——般度诸子的军队怎能在那处向他下手?他们又怎能在战场上鼓起勇气,去攻击如此可畏的长者?”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
शान्तनवम्the son of Śantanu (Bhīṣma)
शान्तनवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशान्तनव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनीकिनीarmy, host
अनीकिनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनीकिनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रहर्तुम्to strike, to attack
प्रहर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + हृ
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
अशकत्was able
अशकत्:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
भीष्मम्Bhīṣma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भीम-पराक्रमम्of terrible valor
भीम-पराक्रमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootभीम + पराक्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śāntanu
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Pāṇḍava army (anīkinī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of dharma in war: even when an opponent is an honored elder and nearly invincible, kṣatriya duty and the demands of a righteous cause can compel battle. It frames the conflict as not merely physical but moral—how one acts when reverence and necessity collide.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, hearing of the battle, expresses astonishment and concern: Bhīṣma, famed as Śāntanu’s son and a terrifying warrior, stands before the Pāṇḍava forces. Dhṛtarāṣṭra asks how the Pāṇḍava army could muster the courage and resolve to attack him on the battlefield.