Shloka 31

Devanagari script

ते तु भीष्म॑ समासाद्य शयानं भरतर्षभम्‌ | अभिवाद्यावतिष्ठन्त पाण्डवा: कुरुभि: सह,वे पाण्डव तथा कौरव बाणशय्यापर सोये हुए भरतश्रेष्ठ भीष्मकी सेवामें पहुँचकर उन्हें प्रणाम करके खड़े हो गये

Transliteration

te tu bhīṣmaṃ samāsādya śayānaṃ bharatarṣabham | abhivādya avatiṣṭhanta pāṇḍavāḥ kurubhiḥ saha ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：于是般度诸子与俱卢众人同往毗湿摩前——婆罗多族之雄牛——彼时他卧于箭床之上。众人礼拜致敬，遂侍立其前。

Word by Word

• ते: they (those)
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• भीष्मम्: Bhishma
• भीष्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समासाद्य: having approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√सद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• शयानम्: lying (reclining)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शी (√शी/√शय्) → शयान (present participle base)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भरतर्षभम्: bull among the Bharatas (best of Bharatas)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरतर्षभ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभिवाद्य: having saluted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√वद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• अवतिष्ठन्त: stood (remained standing)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-√स्था
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• पाण्डवाः: the Pandavas
• पाण्डवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कुरुभिः: with the Kurus
• कुरुभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīṣma
• Pāṇḍavas
• Kurus
• Bharatas
• bed of arrows (bāṇa-śayyā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even after devastating conflict, dharma is upheld by showing reverence to elders and the virtuous, and by approaching them with humility for guidance; respect and service are not negated by victory or defeat.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma lies wounded on a bed of arrows. The Pāṇḍavas, along with the Kurus, come to him, bow respectfully, and stand by—signaling attendance and readiness to hear his counsel.