Shloka 47
भीष्मरथाभिमुख्यं — Arjuna’s advance with Śikhaṇḍin; Duḥśāsana’s interception
एतस्मात् कारणाद् घोरो वर्तते स्वजनक्षय: । दैवाद् वा पुरुषव्याप्र तव चापनयान्नूप
etasmāt kāraṇād ghoro vartate svajanakṣayaḥ | daivād vā puruṣavyāghra tava cāpanayān nṛpa puruṣasiṁha nareśvara |
三阇耶说道：“正因如此，亲族之间才发生了可怖的自相残灭——或是命运的驱迫，噫，人中之虎；或是由于你自身所行的不义之道，噫，大王，人中之狮，人间之主。”
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames the catastrophe of war as arising either from daiva (fate) or from human apānaya (wrongful conduct), pressing the ethical point that rulers cannot evade responsibility by appealing to destiny when their own deviation from dharma contributes to mass harm.
Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a horrific slaughter of their own relatives is unfolding in the war, and he pointedly suggests two possible causes—fate’s drive or the king’s own unjust course—thereby intensifying Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s moral accountability for the conflict.