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Shloka 20

भीष्मरथाभिमुख्यं — Arjuna’s advance with Śikhaṇḍin; Duḥśāsana’s interception

मृद्नन्तस्ते नरान्‌ राजन्‌ हयांश्व सुबहून्‌ रणे वातायमाना दृश्यने गन्धर्वनगरोपमा:

sañjaya uvāca | mṛdnantas te narān rājan hayāṃś ca bahūn raṇe vātāyamānā dṛśyante gandharva-nagaropamāḥ ||

三阇耶说道:大王啊,那些战车在战斗中碾压了你方许多步卒与战马,人们看见它们如风疾驰——宛若乾闼婆的天城在眼前显现。

मृद्नन्तःcrushing, trampling
मृद्नन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमृद् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
नरान्men, foot-soldiers
नरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुं, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुबहून्very many
सुबहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-बहु
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formनपुं, सप्तमी, एकवचन
वातायमानाmoving like the wind / wind-swift
वातायमाना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवात + आयमान (आ + यम् धातु)
Formशानच्/आयमान (वर्तमान कृदन्त, आत्मनेपदभाव), पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
दृश्यनेto sight / in appearance (as visible)
दृश्यने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदृश्यन (दृश् धातु से निष्पन्न)
Formनपुं, सप्तमी, एकवचन
गन्धर्वनगरोपमाःlike a Gandharva-city (mirage-like)
गन्धर्वनगरोपमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगन्धर्वनगर + उपमा
Formपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
C
chariots (rathāḥ)
F
foot-soldiers (narāḥ)
H
horses (hayāḥ)
B
battlefield (raṇa)
G
Gandharvas (as a celestial reference)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts the dazzling, almost heavenly appearance of martial power with its brutal reality: what looks splendid and swift like a celestial vision is simultaneously trampling living beings. It invites ethical reflection on how war’s glamour can mask suffering and moral consequence.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that certain chariots on the battlefield are charging with wind-like speed, crushing many of the king’s infantry and horses, and their moving formation appears wondrous—likened to a Gandharva-city.