Shloka 19
सैन्यसंनिवेशः (Sainyasaṃniveśaḥ) — Deployment, Omens, and Yuddha-Dharma Conventions
Devanagari script
यथा सिंहस्य नदतः स्वनं श्रुत्वेतरे मृगा: । त्रसेयुनिनिदं श्रुत्वा तथासीदत तद्धलम्,जैसे गर्जते हुए सिंहकी आवाज सुनकर दूसरे वन्य पशु भयभीत हो जाते हैं, उसी प्रकार उन दोनोंका शंखनाद सुनकर कौरवसेनाका उत्साह शिथिल पड़ गया--वह खिन्न-सी हो गयी
Transliteration
yathā siṁhasya nadataḥ svanaṁ śrutvetare mṛgāḥ | traseyur ninidaṁ śrutvā tathāsīdat tad balam ||
Translation
毗舍摩波罗衍那说道：正如林中百兽听到狮子咆哮便战栗不安，听到那轰然螺声，俱卢军的士气也随之松弛，信心沉入沮丧。
Word by Word
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formindeclinable (comparative particle)
सिंहस्यof the lion
सिंहस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
नदतःroaring (of one who roars)
नदतः:
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
Formpresent active participle (शतृ), masculine/neuter genitive singular agreeing with सिंहस्य
स्वनम्sound, roar
स्वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable
इतरेother
इतरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
Formmasculine, nominative, plural (qualifying मृगाः)
मृगाःdeer/animals (wild beasts)
मृगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृग
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
त्रसेयुःwould tremble / would be afraid
त्रसेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootत्रस्
Formoptative, parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural (present-system)
निनदम्loud sound, blare
निनदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिनद
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formindeclinable (correlative particle)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formimperfect, parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
अतत्went / became / fell into (a state)
अतत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअत्
Formimperfect, parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
Formneuter, nominative, singular
Speaker
वैशग्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśaṃpāyanaL
lion (siṁha)W
wild animals (mṛga)C
conch-blast (ninida/svana)K
Kaurava army (bala)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes