Shloka 91
Adhyāya 90: Babhruvāhana’s Reception and the Commencement of Yudhiṣṭhira’s Aśvamedha
Devanagari script
क्षुधापरिगतज्ञानो धृतिं त्यजति चैव ह । बुभुक्षां जयते यस्तु स स्वर्ग जयते ध्रुवम्
Transliteration
kṣudhāparigatajñāno dhṛtiṁ tyajati caiva ha | bubhukṣāṁ jayate yastu sa svargaṁ jayate dhruvam ||
Translation
为饥饿所缠而智识覆没者，便舍弃坚忍，亦失其道德之决断；然能战胜饥欲之人，必定得胜于天——亦即以自制与忍耐而臻至至上之善。
Word by Word
क्षुधाby hunger
क्षुधा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुध् (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक: क्षुधा)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
परिगतovercome/afflicted
परिगत:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-गम् (कृदन्त: परिगत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानःone whose understanding/knowledge
ज्ञानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धृतिम्steadfastness/fortitude
धृतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृति (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
त्यजतिabandons
त्यजति:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हindeed (emphatic particle)
ह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह
बुभुक्षाम्hunger/desire to eat
बुभुक्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबुभुक्षा (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
जयतेconquers
जयते:
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जयतेconquers/attains
जयते:
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
ध्रुवम्certainly
ध्रुवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootध्रुव (प्रातिपदिक)
Speaker
श्षशुर उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Hunger can overpower discernment and weaken moral steadiness; therefore, mastering hunger and its cravings is praised as a form of self-conquest that leads to spiritual merit and the highest reward (svarga).
A speaker identified as the father-in-law (śvaśura) offers a didactic reflection: he explains the psychological and ethical danger of hunger and extols the virtue of endurance and restraint.