Shloka 20
Ulūpī’s Disclosure and the Saṃjīvana-Maṇi: Arjuna’s Restoration (उलूपी-प्रकटनं संजीवनमणि-स्थापनं च)
न हि त्वां देवराजो5पि समरेषु पराजयेत् । आत्मा पुत्र: स्मृतस्तस्मात् तेनेहासि पराजित:
na hi tvāṃ devarājo 'pi samareṣu parājayet | ātmā putraḥ smṛtas tasmāt tenehāsi parājitaḥ ||
阿周那说道：“诚然，即便天帝因陀罗也不能在战斗中击败你。然而儿子被视为人的自身；因此你在此被他所胜——被你自己以儿子之形所胜，噢，生命之主。”
अर्जुन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores a dharmic idea: a son is traditionally regarded as the father’s own self (ātmā). Hence, being defeated by one’s son is not a humiliation by an external enemy but a kind of self-overcoming, reframing victory/defeat within familial and ethical bonds.
Arjuna addresses a warrior who has been defeated in combat and consoles/explains the outcome: even Indra could not have conquered him in battle, but since the opponent is his own son—considered his very self—the defeat is understandable and carries a different moral weight than defeat by a stranger.