Shloka 20
Adhyāya 42 — Mahābhūta–Indriya–Adhyātma-Vyavasthā
Brahmā’s Instruction on Elements and Faculties
Devanagari script
तृतीयं ज्योतिरित्याहुश्नक्षुरध्यात्ममुच्यते
Transliteration
tṛtīyaṃ jyotir ity āhuḥ nakṣur adhyātmam ucyate
Translation
风神伐由说道：“人们称之为‘第三之光’；这便名为内在的灵性观照（adhyātma）——凭此洞见，得以超越外在诸根而见自性。”
Word by Word
तृतीयम्the third (one)
तृतीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्योतिःlight; luminary
ज्योतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus; as
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
आहुःthey say; they call
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
नक्षुर्Naksur (a name/term)
नक्षुर्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षुर्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अध्यात्मम्the inner self; the spiritual (principle)
अध्यात्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअध्यात्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उच्यतेis said; is called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VāyudevaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse points to a higher kind of illumination beyond ordinary sensory light: an inward, spiritual ‘light’ identified with adhyātma—self-knowledge or inner realization—through which one discerns the Self and right understanding.
Vāyudeva is speaking in a didactic context, defining a doctrinal term: he explains that what some call the ‘third light’ is actually the inner spiritual faculty (adhyātma), shifting attention from external perception to inward realization.