Shloka 5
Rajo-guṇa-nirdeśa — Brahmā’s Enumeration of Rajasic Dispositions
Devanagari script
उग्र॑ं दारुणमाक्रोश: परच्छिद्रानुशासनम् । लोकचिन्तानुचिन्ता च मत्सर: परिभावन:
Transliteration
ugraṁ dāruṇam ākrośaḥ parachidrānuśāsanam | lokacintānucintā ca matsaraḥ paribhāvanaḥ ||
Translation
风神伐由说道：“粗暴而残酷的辱骂；专爱纠察他人过失的习气；对世间忧虑的惶惶反刍；嫉妒；以及贬抑他人的倾向——这些心性会侵蚀人的品格，动摇依正法而行的操守。”
Word by Word
उग्रम्fierce
उग्रम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दारुणम्cruel/terrible
दारुणम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आक्रोशःshouting/abuse
आक्रोशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआक्रोश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परच्छिद्रानुशासनम्instruction/harping on others' faults
परच्छिद्रानुशासनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर-छिद्र-अनुशासन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
लोकचिन्तानुचिन्ताbrooding after worldly concerns
लोकचिन्तानुचिन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक-चिन्ता-अनुचिन्ता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
मत्सरःenvy/jealousy
मत्सरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिभावनःcontempt/insulting attitude
परिभावनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिभावन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Characters & Entities
व
वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse warns against inner vices expressed through speech and attitude—harsh reviling, fault-finding, worldly brooding, jealousy, and contempt—because they erode one’s moral life (dharma) and damage relationships.
Vāyudeva is speaking in a didactic mode, listing negative traits to be avoided, functioning as moral instruction within the Ashvamedhika Parva’s broader post-war ethical reflections.