Shloka 46

धृतराष्ट्र-सत्कारः तथा श्राद्ध-दाने नियमनम् | Honoring Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Regulating Śrāddha-Gifts

Devanagari script

विपरीतकश्न मे शत्रुर्नियम्यश्न भवेन्नर: । राजा युधिष्ठिर बड़े दयालु थे। वे सदा प्रसन्न रहकर अपने भाइयों और मन्त्रियोंसे कहा करते थे कि “ये राजा धृतराष्ट्र मेरे और आपलोगोंके माननीय हैं। जो इनकी आज्ञाके अधीन रहता है

Transliteration

viparītakṛc ca me śatrur niyamyakṛc ca bhaven naraḥ |

Translation

毗舍波耶那说道：“凡违逆我命令者，皆为我之仇敌；能自持克己、依我所指而行者，便可算作我自己的人。”在此情境中，素以慈悲著称的优提湿提罗王屡次训示诸弟与群臣：当以长者之礼敬奉持国王；顺从老王之意，应视为忠诚；抗命则应视为敌对，并当受罚。

Word by Word

• {'viparīta': 'contrary, opposite, against (what is proper or commanded)', 'kṛt (kṛc/kṛt)': 'doing, acting

• one who does', 'me': 'my', 'śatruḥ': 'enemy', 'niyamya': 'having restrained/controlled (oneself)

• in conformity with restraint', 'bhavet': 'would be, becomes', 'naraḥ': 'man, person'}

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Loyalty in a righteous polity is defined by disciplined obedience to legitimate authority and reverence to elders: self-restraint and compliance mark a friend, while deliberate contrariness marks an enemy deserving of daṇḍa (punitive correction).

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes Yudhiṣṭhira’s consistent instruction to his brothers and ministers: Dhṛtarāṣṭra is to be treated as a venerable elder; those who follow his directives are regarded as allies, and those who act against them are treated as adversaries subject to punishment.