Shloka 37

धृतराष्ट्र-सत्कारः तथा श्राद्ध-दाने नियमनम् | Honoring Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Regulating Śrāddha-Gifts

Devanagari script

विपरीतकश्न मे शत्रुर्नियम्यश्न भवेन्नर: । राजा युधिष्ठिर बड़े दयालु थे। वे सदा प्रसन्न रहकर अपने भाइयों और मन्त्रियोंसे कहा करते थे कि “ये राजा धृतराष्ट्र मेरे और आपलोगोंके माननीय हैं। जो इनकी आज्ञाके अधीन रहता है

Transliteration

viparītakṛc ca me śatrur niyamyaś ca bhaven naraḥ |

Translation

毗舍摩波耶那说：“凡违逆我的命令、违背正当行持者，皆为我的仇敌；能自持克制、守于纪律而顺从者，当视为我自己的人。”怀此心意，常怀慈悲、安定从容的坚战王（Yudhiṣṭhira）屡屡告诫诸弟与群臣：持国王（Dhṛtarāṣṭra）为众人所当敬奉之长者；凡安住于持国王权威之下、遵其敕令者，即为坚战王之善友；若反其道而行，必受惩罚。

Word by Word

• {'viparīta': 'contrary, opposite, acting against (instruction/dharma)', 'kṛt (kṛc)': 'doing, acting (here: one who acts in a certain way)', 'me': 'my', 'śatruḥ': 'enemy', 'niyamyaḥ': 'to be restrained/controlled

• obedient (one who is to be kept under rule or who keeps himself under rule)', 'ca': 'and', 'bhavet': 'would be, should be, becomes', 'naraḥ': 'man, person'}

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• brothers of Yudhiṣṭhira (Pāṇḍavas)
• ministers

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames ethical governance as loyalty to rightful authority and disciplined conduct: obedience and self-restraint are treated as friendship and social harmony, while deliberate contrariness is treated as enmity and becomes liable to punishment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes Yudhiṣṭhira’s policy after the war: he instructs his brothers and ministers to honor Dhṛtarāṣṭra as a venerable elder-king, to remain under his direction, and to treat disobedience or oppositional conduct as a punishable offense.