Shloka 14
Adhyāya 16 — Daiva, Kṣatriya-dharma, and Public Reassurance to Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Devanagari script
युष्मत्तेजोविवृद्धयर्थ मया हाद्धर्षणं कृतम् । तदानीं विदुलावाक्यैरिति तद् वित्त पुत्रका:
Transliteration
yuṣmat-tejo-vivṛddhy-arthaṁ mayā hāddharṣaṇaṁ kṛtam | tadānīṁ vidulā-vākyair iti tad vitta putrakāḥ ||
Translation
毗舍摩波耶那说：“为使你们的勇武与王者光辉增长，我才有意以激励之辞相劝。我的儿子们，要明白：当时正是借毗杜拉的言语，我唤起你们——使你们的气魄昂扬，行事坚定。”
Word by Word
युष्मत्of you (pl.)
युष्मत्:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
तेजःsplendour, prowess
तेजः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
विवृद्धि-अर्थम्for the increase (purpose)
विवृद्धि-अर्थम्:
प्रयोजन
TypeNoun
Rootविवृद्धि + अर्थ
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
मयाby me
मया:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, तृतीया, एकवचन
हाद्धर्षणम्incitement, encouragement (reading uncertain)
हाद्धर्षणम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहर्षण
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन
कृतम्done, made
कृतम्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त, नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
तदाthen
तदा:
अधिकारण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अनीम्at that time (particle; reading uncertain)
अनीम्:
अधिकारण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनीम्
विदुला-वाक्यैःby Vidulā’s words
विदुला-वाक्यैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootविदुला + वाक्य
Formनपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
वित्तknow (you all), understand
वित्त:
—
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
Formलोट् (विधिलिङ्/आज्ञार्थे प्रयोगः), मध्यम, बहुवचन
पुत्रकाःO sons, dear sons
पुत्रकाः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्रक
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, बहुवचन
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaV
VidulāCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Legitimate exhortation can be used to awaken courage and responsibility: increasing ‘tejas’ is framed as strengthening resolve for rightful action, not mere aggression.
The speaker explains that earlier he intentionally used stirring words—invoking Vidulā’s counsel—to encourage the listeners (addressed as ‘sons’) and to heighten their valor and determination.