Shloka 72

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

Devanagari script

महादेवान्तकाभ्यां च कामात्‌ क्रोधाच्च भारत । एकत्वमुपपन्नानां जज्ञे शूर: परंतप:

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

mahādevāntakābhyāṃ ca kāmāt krodhāc ca bhārata |

ekatvam upapannānāṃ jajñe śūraḥ parantapaḥ ||

Translation

毗湿摩波耶那说道：噢，婆罗多啊，由摩诃提婆与安多迦（阎摩）之分、又由伽摩与忿怒之分，诸分合一而成一体，遂诞生一位英雄，能灼烧仇敌。此偈以其出生为神力与心性之汇合：苦行之威与死亡之严，同欲望与怒火相并，昭示其武性强绝，却亦为炽烈情欲所阴影。

Word by Word

• महादेव: from Mahādeva (Śiva)
• महादेव: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महादेव
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• अन्तक: from Antaka (Yama, Death)
• अन्तक: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तक
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• अभ्याम्: from the two (ablative dual ending)
• अभ्याम्: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: द्वि (प्रत्यय: भ्याम्)
• Form: Ablative/Instrumental dual ending marker used with the preceding dual base

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कामात्: from Kāma (desire / the god of love)
• कामात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• क्रोधात्: from anger
• क्रोधात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• भारत: O Bhārata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• एकत्वम्: oneness, unity
• एकत्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकत्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपपन्नानाम्: of those who had attained/come to (a state)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपपन्न (उप + √पद्/√पद्य्, क्त)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• जज्ञे: was born
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• शूरः: a hero, brave man
• शूरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परंतपः: foe-scorching, enemy-afflicting
• परंतपः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परंतप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भारत: O Bhārata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhārata (addressee)
• Mahādeva (Śiva)
• Antaka (Yama/Death)
• Kāma
• Krodha

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse implies that a person’s nature can be understood as a composite of forces—divine archetypes and inner impulses. Great strength (Mahādeva/Antaka) may coexist with destabilizing passions (kāma/krodha), highlighting an ethical tension: power without restraint can become destructive.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes the birth of a formidable warrior as arising from the unified combined ‘portions’ of Mahādeva, Antaka (Yama), Kāma, and Krodha, emphasizing his fearsome, enemy-scorching disposition.