Shloka 100

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

Devanagari script

जरासन्धो दृढसन्ध: सत्यसन्ध: सहस्रवाक्‌ । उग्रश्नवा उग्रसेन: क्षेममूर्तिस्तथैव च

Transliteration

jarāsandho dṛḍhasandhaḥ satyasandhaḥ sahasravāk | ugraśnavā ugrasenaḥ kṣemamūrtis tathaiva ca

Translation

毗湿摩波耶那说道：“（有诸王如）阇罗散陀；笃罗陀散陀，盟约坚固；萨底耶散陀，誓言不渝；娑诃斯罗婆迦，以千言著称；又有乌伽什那婆、乌伽塞那与刹摩牟尔底。”

Word by Word

• जरासन्धः: Jarasandha (name of a king)
• जरासन्धः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जरासन्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दृढसन्धः: having firm alliances/joints; firm-bound
• दृढसन्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृढसन्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यसन्धः: true to his pledge; of truthful resolve
• सत्यसन्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यसन्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सहस्रवाक्: having a thousand voices/speeches; very eloquent
• सहस्रवाक्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहस्रवाच्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उग्रश्नवाः: Ugrashravas (name; lit. of fierce fame)
• उग्रश्नवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उग्रश्नवस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उग्रसेनः: Ugrasena (name; lit. of fierce army)
• उग्रसेनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उग्रसेन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्षेममूर्तिः: Kṣemamūrti (name; lit. embodiment of welfare)
• क्षेममूर्तिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षेममूर्ति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus; likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• एव: indeed; just; also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Jarāsandha
• Dṛḍhasandha
• Satyasandha
• Sahasravāk
• Ugraśnavā
• Ugrasena
• Kṣemamūrti
• Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even within a seemingly simple list of names, the Mahābhārata highlights royal virtues: firmness in alliances (dṛḍha-sandha) and fidelity to truth and vows (satya-sandha). Such qualities are presented as ethical foundations for legitimate rule and social stability.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is reciting a catalogue of notable kings/figures, naming Jarāsandha and others. The verse functions as part of a broader enumeration that situates later events by introducing prominent rulers and the reputations associated with them.