Shloka 12

Devanagari script

ततो जिष्णु: सहस्राक्षं खं वितत्याशुगै: शरै: । योधयामास संक्रुद्धो वज्चनां तामनुस्मरन्‌

Transliteration

tato jiṣṇuḥ sahasrākṣaṃ khaṃ vitatyāśugaiḥ śaraiḥ | yodhayāmāsa saṃkruddho vañcanāṃ tām anusmaran ||

Translation

随后，阿周那（吉什努）反复忆起那番欺诳，怒火炽然；他以疾箭铺天盖地，仿佛遮蔽苍穹，遂与千眼之主因陀罗交战。

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: avyaya (ablatival adverb)

• जिष्णुः: Arjuna (the victorious one)
• जिष्णुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिष्णु
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• सहस्राक्षम्: the thousand-eyed one (Indra)
• सहस्राक्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्राक्ष
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• खम्: the sky
• खम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ख
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• वितत्य: having spread/covered
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-तन्
• Form: absolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), indeclinable

• आशुगैः: with swift-moving
• आशुगैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आशुग
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• शरैः: arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• योधयामास: he fought (with), engaged in battle
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada, causative sense ('made fight/fought with')

• संक्रुद्धः: enraged
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सं-क्रुध्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular (past passive participle)

• वञ्चनाम्: deceit, trickery
• वञ्चनाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वञ्चना
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• ताम्: that (deceit)
• ताम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• अनुस्मरन्: remembering repeatedly
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-स्मृ
• Form: present active participle (शतृ), masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Arjuna (Jiṣṇu)
• Indra (Sahasrākṣa)
• arrows (śara)
• sky (kha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how brooding over perceived deception can intensify anger and drive even a righteous warrior into escalating conflict, suggesting an ethical caution: memory of injury, if unchecked, can override restraint and lead to confrontation even with higher powers.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana narrates that Arjuna, furious as he recalls a deception, releases a rapid barrage of arrows that seems to blanket the sky and begins fighting Indra.