HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 2Shloka 199
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Shloka 199

समन्तपञ्चक-आख्यानम् तथा अक्षौहिणी-प्रमाणनिर्णयः

Samantapañcaka Narrative and the Measure of an Akṣauhiṇī

यत्रैनमन्वयाद्‌ भीमो वायुवेगसमो जवे । चक्रे चैनं पजचशिखं यत्र भीमो महाबल:,उस समय महाबली भयंकर भीमसेनने वायुवेगसे दौड़कर उसका पीछा किया था तथा जयद्रथके सिरके सारे बाल मूँड़कर उसमें पाँच चोटियाँ रख दी थीं

yatrainam anvayād bhīmo vāyuvegāsamo jave | cakre cainaṁ pañcaśikhaṁ yatra bhīmo mahābalaḥ ||

在那里,勇力无双的毗摩(Bhīma)疾如风驰,奔走追逐。亦在彼处,大力毗摩使阇耶陀罗他成了“留五绺者”:剃尽其首发,仅留五束,以示羞辱之罚。

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
Formindeclinable (locative adverb)
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अन्वयात्followed/pursued
अन्वयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + इ
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वायुवेगसमःequal to the speed of the wind
वायुवेगसमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवायुवेगसम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
जवेin speed
जवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजव
Formmasculine, locative, singular
चक्रेmade/did
चक्रे:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular, ātmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पञ्चशिखम्having five tufts (of hair)
पञ्चशिखम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चशिख
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
Formindeclinable (locative adverb)
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
महाबलःmighty/very strong
महाबलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

राम उवाच

B
Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
J
Jayadratha
W
wind (Vāyu, as a simile for speed)
F
five tufts/locks of hair (pañcaśikha)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights a dharmic idea of consequence: wrongdoing invites punishment, and vows made in the name of justice must be carried through. Yet the chosen penalty—public humiliation rather than immediate killing—also shows a calibrated response meant to deter and to mark disgrace, reflecting the epic’s concern with proportionality, reputation, and social order.

Bhīma, moving with wind-like speed, chases the offender (understood in context as Jayadratha) and punishes him by shaving his head and leaving five locks (pañcaśikha). This act brands him with shame and serves as a visible sign of defeat and retribution.