HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 2Shloka 139
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Shloka 139

समन्तपञ्चक-आख्यानम् तथा अक्षौहिणी-प्रमाणनिर्णयः

Samantapañcaka Narrative and the Measure of an Akṣauhiṇī

तारयामास तांस्‍्तीर्णान ज्ञात्वा दुर्योधनो नृपः । पुनरेव ततो द्यूते समाह्दयत पाण्डवान्‌,जैसे समुद्रमें डूबी हुई नौकाको कोई फिरसे निकाल ले, वैसे ही द्यूतके समुद्रमें डूबी हुई परमदु:खिनी पुत्रवधू द्रौपदीको परम बुद्धिमान्‌ धृतराष्ट्रने निकाल लिया। जब राजा दुर्योधनको जूएकी विपत्तिसे पाण्डवोंके बच जानेका समाचार मिला, तब उसने पुनः उन्हें (पितासे आग्रह करके) जूएके लिये बुलवाया

tārayāmāsa tāṁs tīrṇān jñātvā duryodhano nṛpaḥ | punar eva tato dyūte samāhvayat pāṇḍavān ||

杜尤陀那王得知般度五子已从那场灾厄中被保全脱出,仍执意重走同一条毁灭之路,便又一次召他们前来掷骰对赌。此事昭示:从道德与社会的祸难中得来的拯救,若贪欲与仇怨不肯退让,转瞬便可被推翻;而对不义(adharma)的反复纵容,终使不幸不再是偶然,而成为蓄意的国策。

तारयामासcaused to cross / rescued
तारयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (तारयति)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपदम्), perfect (narrative past), 3, singular
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
तीर्णान्having crossed / saved
तीर्णान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतॄ (तीर्ण)
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, accusative, plural
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), active
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नृपःthe king
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
ततःthereafter / from that (time)
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
द्यूतेin the gambling (match)
द्यूते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
Formneuter, locative, singular
समाह्वयत्summoned / called together
समाह्वयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ह्वे
Formलङ् (परस्मैपदम्), imperfect (past), 3, singular
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formmasculine, accusative, plural

राम उवाच

D
Duryodhana
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Dyūta (dice-game)

Educational Q&A

Even when a community or family is rescued from disaster, the same harm returns if the root causes—greed, envy, and obsession with victory—are not restrained. Repeating an unethical act (here, gambling used as a weapon) converts misfortune into intentional wrongdoing (adharma).

Duryodhana learns that the Pāṇḍavas have escaped the immediate danger and humiliation connected with the dice episode; unwilling to let them recover, he calls them again to another gambling match, seeking to trap them once more.