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Shloka 4

Adhyāya 196: Droṇa’s Conciliatory Counsel and Karṇa’s Suspicion of Counsel (मन्त्र-नय-विवादः)

ततो<ब्रुवन्‌ लोकगुरुं समेता भयात्‌ तीव्रान्मानुषाणां च वृद्धया । तस्माद्‌ भयादुद्धिजन्त: सुखेप्सव: प्रयाम सर्वे शरणं भवन्तम्‌,चन्द्रमा, इन्द्र, वरुण, कुबेर, साध्यगण, रुद्रगण, वसुगण, दोनों अश्विनीकुमार तथा अन्य सब देवता मिलकर जहाँ सृष्टिकर्ता प्रजापति ब्रह्माजी रहते थे, वहाँ गये। वहाँ जाकर वे सब देवता लोकगुरु ब्रह्माजीसे बोले--'भगवन्‌! मनुष्योंकी संख्या बहुत बढ़ रही है। इससे हमें बड़ा भय लगता है। उस भयसे हम सबलोग व्याकुल हो उठे हैं और सुख पानेकी इच्छासे आपकी शरणमें आये हैं!

tato ’bruvan lokaguruṁ sametā bhayāt tīvrān mānuṣāṇāṁ ca vṛddhyā | tasmād bhayād udvijantaḥ sukhepsavaḥ prayāma sarve śaraṇaṁ bhavantaṁ ||

于是诸神会集一处,因人类繁衍过盛而生起强烈恐惧,便前往世间之师——祖父般的造物主生主梵天处求庇护。月神、因陀罗、伐楼那、俱毗罗、萨提耶众、鲁陀罗众、婆苏众、双阿湿毗尼童子以及其余诸天,皆至梵天所居之地,对这位世界导师禀告道:“世尊!人类数目大增,使我等深感恐惧。为此恐惧所扰,愿求安泰,故同来投依于您。”

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
अब्रुवन्they said/spoke
अब्रुवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formimperfect (laṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural
लोकगुरुम्the teacher of the world
लोकगुरुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोकगुरु
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
समेताःassembled/together
समेताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमेत
Formmasculine, nominative, plural (past passive participle used adjectivally)
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
Formneuter, ablative, singular
तीव्रात्intense
तीव्रात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र
Formneuter, ablative, singular (agreeing with भयात्)
मानुषाणाम्of humans
मानुषाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable
वृद्ध्याby the increase/growth
वृद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्धि
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात्
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
Formneuter, ablative, singular
उद्विजन्तःbeing agitated/alarmed
उद्विजन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद्विज्
Formpresent active participle, masculine, nominative, plural
सुखेप्सवःdesiring happiness
सुखेप्सवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखेप्सु
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
प्रयामwe have gone/we went
प्रयाम:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootया (प्र-या)
Formperfect (liṭ), parasmaipada, 1st person, plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
शरणम्refuge
शरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरण
Formneuter, accusative, singular
भवन्तम्you (honored one)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular (2nd person honorific)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
Brahmā
P
Prajāpati
C
Candrama
I
Indra
V
Varuṇa
K
Kubera
S
Sādhyagaṇa
R
Rudragaṇa
V
Vasugaṇa
A
Aśvinīkumāra (the two Aśvins)
D
Devāḥ (other gods)
M
Mānuṣāḥ (humans)

Educational Q&A

When imbalance arises in the world (here, the unchecked increase of humans), the proper response is to seek wise, legitimate authority for guidance. The verse highlights a dharmic model of governance: problems of collective welfare are addressed by approaching the locus of responsibility and insight (Brahmā/Prajāpati), rather than by impulsive action.

A group of deities—led by major gods and divine collectives—assemble and go to Brahmā/Prajāpati. They express fear that the number of humans has grown excessively and, distressed, they seek Brahmā’s protection and counsel to restore balance.