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Shloka 7

Kuntī–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda on Atithi-dharma and Crisis Strategy (Ādi Parva 149)

कक्षघ्न: शिशिरघ्नक्षु महाकक्षे बिलौकस: । न हन्तीत्येवमात्मानं यो रक्षति स जीवति,“(तुमसे विदुरजीने कहा था--) 'घास-फ़ूस तथा सूखे वृक्षोंके जंगलको जलानेवाली और सर्दीको नष्ट कर देनेवाली आग विशाल वनमें फैल जानेपर भी बिलमें रहनेवाले चूहे आदि जन्तुओंको नहीं जला सकती। यों समझकर जो अपनी रक्षाका उपाय करता है, वही जीवित रहता है”

kakṣaghnaḥ śiśiraghnaś ca mahākakṣe bilaukasaḥ | na hantīty evam ātmānaṃ yo rakṣati sa jīvati ||

毗湿摩波耶那说:“火能焚草枯木,亦能驱散寒冬;然而当它蔓延于广袤森林之中,仍烧不到穴居潜藏的生灵。明白此理——‘它不能害我’——能为自保而预作筹谋者,方得存活。”此语旨在申明谨慎自护之道:祸患虽可遍及,然先见与及时藏身、善用权略,便能保全性命。

कक्षघ्नःdestroyer of thickets/brushwood
कक्षघ्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकक्षघ्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिशिरघ्नःdestroyer of cold/winter
शिशिरघ्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशिशिरघ्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महाकक्षेin a great thicket/large forest-tract
महाकक्षे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाकक्ष
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
बिलौकसःburrow-dwellers (mice etc.)
बिलौकसः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबिलौकस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हन्तिkills/destroys
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
आत्मानम्oneself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रक्षतिprotects/guards
रक्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जीवतिlives/survives
जीवति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
F
fire (agni)
F
forest/thicket (kakṣa/mahākakṣa)
B
burrow (bila)
B
burrow-dwelling creatures (bilaukasaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Even when danger is powerful and widespread (like a forest fire), one who anticipates it and takes practical protective measures—seeking shelter, acting with foresight—can survive. The verse promotes nīti: intelligent self-guarding rather than fatalism.

Vaiśampāyana cites a proverbial illustration: fire devastates the forest but cannot reach creatures hidden in burrows. In context, it functions as counsel (associated in the received tradition with Vidura’s advice) that timely precautions and strategic refuge preserve life amid looming calamity.