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Shloka 12

Droṇotpattiḥ and Dhanurveda-Prāpti

Origin of Droṇa and Acquisition of Martial Science

प्राच्यानुदीच्यान्‌ पाश्चात्त्यान्‌ दाक्षिणात्यानकालयत्‌ । अश्वमेधे महायज्ञे व्युषिताश्वः प्रतापवान्‌

vaiśampāyana uvāca | prācyān udīcyān pāścāttyān dākṣiṇātyān akālayat | aśvamedhe mahāyajñe vyuṣitāśvaḥ pratāpavān ||

毗湿摩波耶那说:在名为“马祭”(阿湿婆梅陀)的伟大祭祀中,强盛勇武的毗尤施塔湿婆王使东方、北方、西方与南方诸国之王尽归其统辖。

प्राच्यान्eastern (kings/people)
प्राच्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राच्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उदीच्यान्northern (kings/people)
उदीच्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउदीच्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाश्चात्त्यान्western (kings/people)
पाश्चात्त्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाश्चात्त्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दाक्षिणात्यान्southern (kings/people)
दाक्षिणात्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदाक्षिणात्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अकालयत्subdued; brought under control
अकालयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकल् (कलयति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अश्वमेधेin the Aśvamedha
अश्वमेधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वमेध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
महायज्ञेin the great sacrifice
महायज्ञे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहायज्ञ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
व्युषिताश्वःVyūṣitāśva (name of the king)
व्युषिताश्वः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्युषिताश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतापवान्mighty; valorous
प्रतापवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतापवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Vyuṣitāśva
A
Aśvamedha (horse-sacrifice)
E
Eastern region (Prācya)
N
Northern region (Udīcya)
W
Western region (Pāścātya)
S
Southern region (Dākṣiṇātya)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames political dominance as legitimate when integrated with dharmic, Vedic ritual order: the king’s power is shown as the capacity to unify and stabilize the realm, with conquest presented as acknowledged sovereignty connected to a major yajña rather than personal violence alone.

Vaiśampāyana describes King Vyuṣitāśva performing an Aśvamedha. In the course of that great rite, he subdues or brings under his authority the rulers of all four quarters—east, north, west, and south—thereby establishing wide-ranging supremacy.