Shloka 34

कृपकृपी-जननम्

The Birth of Kṛpa and Kṛpī; Kṛpa’s Attainment of Astras

Devanagari script

दत्त: क्रीतः कृत्रिमश्न॒ उपगच्छेत्‌ स्वयं च यः । सहोढो ज्ञातिरेताश्व हीनयोनिधृतश्च यः,“अब छ: प्रकारके अबन्धुदायाद पुत्र कहे जाते हैं-दत्त (जिसे माता-पिताने स्वयं समर्पित कर दिया हो), क्रीत (जिसे धन आदि देकर खरीद लिया गया हो), कृत्रिम--जो स्वयं मैं आपका पुत्र हूँ, यों कहकर समीप आया हो, सहोढ (जो कन्यावस्थामें ही गर्भवती होकर ब्याही गयी हो, उसके गर्भसे उत्पन्न पुत्र सहोढ कहलाता है), ज्ञातिरेता (अपने कुलका पुत्र) तथा अपनेसे हीन जातिकी स्त्रीके गर्भसे उत्पन्न हुआ पुत्र। ये सभी अबन्धुदायाद हैं

Transliteration

dattaḥ krītaḥ kṛtrimāś ca upagacchet svayaṃ ca yaḥ | sahūḍho jñātiretāś ca hīnayoni-dhṛtaś ca yaḥ ||

Translation

毗湿摩波耶那说道：“以下诸子被视为‘a-bandhu-dāyāda’（非血统继承者）：（1）‘Dattā’——父母以仪式正式交付之子；（2）‘Krītā’——以财物购得之子；（3）‘Kṛtrima’——自来投附，称‘我为汝子’之子；（4）‘Sahūḍha’——新娘成婚时已怀孕，其胎所生之子；（5）‘Jñātiretā’——由家族亲属在宗族之内所生之子；（6）由社会出身较低之妇所生之子。此皆列为a-bandhu-dāyāda。”

Word by Word

दत्तःgiven (son)

क्रीतःbought (son)

कृत्रिमःadopted by request (artificial son)

उपगच्छेत्should approach

स्वयम्of oneself; personally

चand

यःwho

सहोढःborn from a bride already pregnant (sahoḍha son)

ज्ञातिरेताःone begotten by a kinsman (kinsman-seed son)

चand

अश्वहीनयोनिधृतःone borne by a woman of inferior womb/caste (son of a lower-born woman)

चand

यःwho

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse classifies certain socially recognized forms of sonship that do not arise from direct blood descent, indicating how dharma-text traditions distinguished between biological lineage and legally/socially constituted heirs for purposes such as inheritance and family continuity.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is enumerating categories of ‘sons’ acknowledged in traditional legal-ethical discourse, explaining which kinds are considered non-agnatic heirs (abandhu-dāyāda) and defining each type by the manner of acquisition or birth circumstances.