Shloka 3

Ādi Parva 117 — Pāṇḍu’s Obsequies, Escort of the Pāṇḍavas, and Reception at Nāgasāhvaya

Hastināpura

Devanagari script

विन्दानुविन्दौ दुर्धर्ष: सुबाहुर्दुष्प्रधर्षण: । दुर्मर्षणो दुर्मुखश्न दुष्कर्ण: कर्ण एव च

Transliteration

vaindānuvindau durdharṣaḥ subāhur duṣpradharṣaṇaḥ | durmarṣaṇo durmukhaś ca duṣkarṇaḥ karṇa eva ca ||

Translation

毗湿摩波耶那继续点名道：温陀（Vinda）与阿奴温陀（Anuvinda），继而杜尔达尔沙（Durdharṣa）、苏婆呼（Subāhu）、杜什普拉达尔沙那（Duṣpradharṣaṇa）、杜尔玛尔沙那（Durmarṣaṇa）、杜尔穆卡（Durmukha）、杜什卡尔那（Duṣkarṇa）以及迦尔那（Karṇa）。

Word by Word

• विन्द: Vinda (proper name)
• विन्द: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनुविन्दौ: Anuvinda (two persons / dual form as in the text)
• अनुविन्दौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुविन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• दुर्धर्षः: Durdharṣa (hard to assail)
• दुर्धर्षः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्धर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुबाहुः: Subāhu (having good arms)
• सुबाहुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुष्प्रधर्षणः: Duṣpradharṣaṇa (hard to overpower)
• दुष्प्रधर्षणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्प्रधर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुर्मर्षणः: Durmarṣaṇa (hard to endure/forbear)
• दुर्मर्षणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुर्मुखः: Durmukha (evil-faced / ill-mouthed)
• दुर्मुखः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुष्कर्णः: Duṣkarṇa (ill-eared / having bad ears)
• दुष्कर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्कर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कर्णः: Karṇa (proper name)
• कर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एव: indeed/also/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव
• Form: true

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: true

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
• विन्द (Vinda)
• अनुविन्द (Anuvinda)
• दुर्धर्ष (Durdharṣa)
• सुबाहु (Subāhu)
• दुष्प्रधर्षण (Duṣpradharṣaṇa)
• दुर्मर्षण (Durmarṣaṇa)
• दुर्मुख (Durmukha)
• दुष्कर्ण (Duṣkarṇa)
• कर्ण (Karṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse is not a direct moral injunction but a narrative device: by formally enumerating the Kaurava princes—many bearing names implying harshness or invincibility—it highlights how power and numbers can gather around adharma, setting the stage for later ethical conflict where righteousness must contend with entrenched force.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is reciting to Janamejaya the names of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons in order. This verse continues that list, naming Vinda and Anuvinda and several other Kaurava brothers.