Shloka 1

Graha-daśā, Rāśi-adhipatya, Śakuna (Omens), and Nakṣatra-Lakṣaṇa on the Solar Diagram

Devanagari script

नामैकोनषष्टितमो ऽध्यायः हरिरुवाच / षडादित्ये दशा ज्ञेया सोमे पञ्चदश स्मृताः / अष्टावङ्गारके चव बुधै स्पतदश स्मृताः

Transliteration

nāmaikonaṣaṣṭitamo 'dhyāyaḥ hariruvāca / ṣaḍāditye daśā jñeyā some pañcadaśa smṛtāḥ / aṣṭāvaṅgārake cava budhai spatadaśa smṛtāḥ

Translation

哈利说道：“此为名曰第五十九章。日神（Āditya）之大时（daśā）当知为六年；月神（Soma）之大时记为十五年；火星（Aṅgāraka）为八年；水星（Budha）为十七年。”

Word by Word

• nāma: name; titled as
• nāma: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; शीर्षक-शब्द (title marker)

• ekonaṣaṣṭitamaḥ: fifty-ninth (one less than sixty)
• ekonaṣaṣṭitamaḥ: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ekona (प्रातिपदिक) + ṣaṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक) + -tama (तद्धित/प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण (ordinal adjective)

• adhyāyaḥ: chapter
• adhyāyaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• hariḥ: Hari
• hariḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ṣaṭ: six
• ṣaṭ: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṣaṭ (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याशब्द; (समासपूर्वपद)

• āditye: in/for the Sun (Āditya)
• āditye: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• daśā: period (daśā)
• daśā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• jñeyā: to be known
• jñeyā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jñā (धातु) + -ya (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (भाव्य/gerundive), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण

• some: in/for the Moon (Soma)
• some: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: soma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• pañcadaśa: fifteen
• pañcadaśa: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañca (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + daśa (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक; (प्रथमा बहुवचनार्थे/संख्याप्रमाणे)

• smṛtāḥ: are stated/remembered
• smṛtāḥ: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: smṛ (धातु) + -ta (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘(daśāḥ) स्मृताः’ इति लुप्त-विशेष्य

• aṣṭau: eight
• aṣṭau: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṣṭa (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक; (प्रथमा बहुवचनार्थे/संख्याप्रमाणे)

• aṅgārake: in/for Mars (Aṅgāraka)
• aṅgārake: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṅgāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• budhe: in/for Mercury (Budha)
• budhe: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: budha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• saptadaśa: seventeen
• saptadaśa: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sapta (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + daśa (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक; (प्रथमा बहुवचनार्थे/संख्याप्रमाणे)

• smṛtāḥ: are stated
• smṛtāḥ: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: smṛ (धातु) + -ta (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘(daśāḥ) स्मृताः’ इति लुप्त-विशेष्य

Speaker

Hari (Lord Vishnu)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Graha-daśā durations as a framework for unfolding karmic results over time.

Vedantic Theme: Kāla (time) as an instrument of karma-phala within prakṛti; the Self remains untouched though experiences vary.

Application: Use daśā lengths for life-planning, remedial discipline, and interpreting periods of ease/strain without fatalism.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.60.2-5 (continuation of daśā lengths and results)

Characters & Entities

• Hari (Vishnu)
• Aditya (Sun)
• Soma (Moon)
• Angaraka (Mars)
• Budha (Mercury)

FAQs

What is the importance of daśā (planetary periods) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames daśā as a time-measure through which karmic results are experienced, listing specific year-lengths for the Sun, Moon, Mars, and Mercury periods.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by linking life-events to timed karmic fruition under grahas, it implies that embodied experience unfolds in ordered phases rather than randomness.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use time-period awareness to emphasize disciplined, dharmic choices during changing life phases, treating favorable or difficult periods as prompts for ethical conduct and devotion.