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Shloka 3

Śrāddha Vidhi (Pārvaṇa-Śrāddha): Invitations, Arghya, Protective Rites, Piṇḍa Offering, Dakṣiṇā, and Visarjana

Devanagari script

ॐ स्वागतं भवद्भिरिति प्रश्रः / ॐ सुस्वागतामिति तैरुक्ते ॐ विश्वेभ्यो देवेभ्य एतत्पादोदकमर्घ्यं स्वाहेति देवब्राह्मणपादयोर्देवतीर्थेनाभुग्नकुशसहितजलदानम्

Transliteration

oṃ svāgataṃ bhavadbhiriti praśraḥ / oṃ susvāgatāmiti tairukte oṃ viśvebhyo devebhya etatpādodakamarghyaṃ svāheti devabrāhmaṇapādayordevatīrthenābhugnakuśasahitajaladānam

Translation

应恭敬发问：“唵，诸位可得欢迎否？”当他们答曰：“唵，我等已得善迎。”则当供献：“唵，奉献于毗湿维诸天（Viśve Deva），此洗足之水为阿尔伽（arghya）——svāhā。”并以天圣洒水法（deva-tīrtha）向诸天与婆罗门之足施水，兼以弯折之库沙草（kuśa）。

Word by Word
oṃOṃ
oṃ:
None
TypeIndeclinable
Rootoṃ (अव्यय/प्रणव)
Formप्रणव-निपात
svāgatamwelcome
svāgatam:
Karma (Utterance content/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsvāgata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular (formulaic greeting)
bhavadbhiḥby you (hon.)
bhavadbhiḥ:
Karana (Agent of greeting/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Instrumental plural (honorific ‘you all’)
itithus
iti:
None
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात (quotative particle)
praśraḥ(this is) the respectful inquiry/greeting
praśraḥ:
Karta (Predicate nominal/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpraśra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular
oṃOṃ
oṃ:
None
TypeIndeclinable
Rootoṃ (अव्यय/प्रणव)
Formप्रणव-निपात
su-svāgatāma very good welcome
su-svāgatām:
Karma (Utterance content/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + svāgata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन — Accusative singular (elliptic: ‘(we say) good welcome’)
itithus
iti:
None
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
taiḥby them
taiḥ:
Karana (Agent/करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Instrumental plural
uktewhen (it is) said
ukte:
Adhikarana (Locative absolute/अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच्)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय कृदन्त, सप्तमी, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग — Past participle used locatively (locative absolute: ‘when said’)
oṃOṃ
oṃ:
None
TypeIndeclinable
Rootoṃ (अव्यय/प्रणव)
Formप्रणव-निपात
viśvebhyaḥto the Viśve-devas
viśvebhyaḥ:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootviśve (प्रातिपदिक; Viśve-devāḥ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, बहुवचन — Dative plural
devebhyaḥto the gods
devebhyaḥ:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, बहुवचन — Dative plural
etatthis
etat:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular
pāda-udakamwater for the feet (pādya)
pāda-udakam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpāda (प्रातिपदिक) + udaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (pādānām udakam)
arghyamarghya offering
arghyam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootarghya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular
svāhāsvāhā
svāhā:
None
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvāhā (अव्यय/मन्त्रपद)
Formमन्त्र-निपात
itithus
iti:
None
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
deva-brāhmaṇa-pādayoḥof the feet of gods and brāhmaṇas
deva-brāhmaṇa-pādayoḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + brāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/सप्तमी, द्विवचन — Gen./Loc. dual; तत्पुरुष (devānāṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ ca pādayoḥ)
deva-tīrthenawith the deva-tīrtha (ritual hand-position/holy water)
deva-tīrthena:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + tīrtha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन — Instrumental singular; तत्पुरुष (devānāṃ tīrtham)
abhugnaunbent/straight
abhugna:
Karta (Qualifier/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota (नञ्) + bhugna (कृदन्त; √bhuj/√bhaṅg)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular (qualifying kuśa)
kuśa-sahitatogether with kuśa grass
kuśa-sahita:
Karta (Qualifier/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkuśa (प्रातिपदिक) + sahita (कृदन्त; √sah)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular; तत्पुरुष (kuśena sahitam)
jala-dānamoffering of water
jala-dānam:
Karma (Ritual act/object)
TypeNoun
Rootjala (प्रातिपदिक) + dāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular; तत्पुरुष (jalasya dānam)
Speaker

Narrator/Instructional voice within Garuda Purana (Vishnu-to-Garuda discourse context)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Shraddha Ritual

Beneficiary: Pitr

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Atithi-satkāra and mantra-sankalpa: speech (‘svāgatam’) and offering (pādodaka/arghya) together establish sacred reciprocity; correct technique (deva-tīrtha, kuśa) safeguards intention.

Vedantic Theme: Śabda (mantra) as a carrier of meaning/power; outer act as a vehicle for inner reverence and purification.

Application: In memorial or sacred gatherings, begin with respectful welcome, then offer simple, sincere service (water/refreshment) with mindful words; keep procedures consistent and clean.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual-space (śrāddha venue with tīrtha-hand positions)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Śrāddha-kalpa: pādodaka, arghya, and kuśa usage recur as standard steps; Garuda Purana: Viśve Devāḥ invoked in śrāddha contexts as witnesses/recipients (internal pattern)

Characters & Entities
V
Viśve Devas
D
Devas
B
Brāhmaṇas

FAQs

This verse frames foot-water (pādodaka) and arghya as a dharmic act of honoring divine presence in guests—especially brāhmaṇas—by dedicating the offering to the Viśve Devas with a mantra.

It presents ritualized hospitality as dharma: greeting, receiving consent/acknowledgment, and then making a sanctified offering (svāhā) using prescribed ritual tools (kuśa) and method (deva-tīrtha).

Receive guests respectfully, speak words of welcome, and if you follow ritual practice, offer water and simple honors with sincerity—treating learned and virtuous guests as worthy of divine regard.

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