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Shloka 27

Dṛṣṭānta on Siddhi: Pitṛ-Procedure, Non-Delusion, and Vyākaraṇa Classifications

Devanagari script

पूर्वे पूर्वाश्च पूर्वस्मात्पूर्वस्मिन्पूर्व ईरितः / सूत उवाच / सुप्तिङन्तुं सिद्धरूपं नाममात्रेण दर्शितम् / कात्यायनः कुमारात्तु श्रुत्वा विस्तरमब्रवीत्

Transliteration

pūrve pūrvāśca pūrvasmātpūrvasminpūrva īritaḥ / sūta uvāca / suptiṅantuṃ siddharūpaṃ nāmamātreṇa darśitam / kātyāyanaḥ kumārāttu śrutvā vistaramabravīt

Translation

苏多说道：“‘pūrva（先、前）’一词，被宣说为‘先前’、‘先前之人’、‘从先前而来’、‘在先前之中’等义。那以 suP（名词格尾）与 tiṅ（动词词尾）为终止的圆满成就之形，仅以名称略示；而迦底耶耶那从库玛罗处听闻后，便作了详尽阐释。”

Word by Word
पूर्वेthe former ones
पूर्वे:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
पूर्वाःthe former (feminine) ones
पूर्वाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-निपात
पूर्वस्मात्from the former
पूर्वस्मात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
पूर्वस्मिन्in the former
पूर्वस्मिन्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
पूर्वःthe former (one)
पूर्वः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ईरितःis stated/declared
ईरितः:
Kriya (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootईर्/ईरय् (धातु)
Formक्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'uttered/declared'
सूतःSūta
सूतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
सुप्तिङन्तुम्(that which is) sup- and tiṅ-ending (nominal & verbal forms)
सुप्तिङन्तुम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुप् (प्रातिपदिक/प्रत्याहार) + तिङ् (प्रातिपदिक/प्रत्याहार) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; समासः: सुप्-तिङ्-अन्तम् (ending in sup and tiṅ)
सिद्धरूपम्the established form
सिद्धरूपम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्ध (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः: सिद्धं रूपं यस्य/यत् (a perfected/established form)
नाममात्रेणby name alone
नाममात्रेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनाम (प्रातिपदिक) + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; समासः: नाम-मात्रेण = 'by name only'
दर्शितम्shown/indicated
दर्शितम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त (Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'shown/indicated'
कात्यायनःKātyāyana
कात्यायनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकात्यायन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कुमारात्from Kumāra
कुमारात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootकुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal), 'having heard'
विस्तरम्detail, elaboration
विस्तरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अब्रवीत्spoke, said
अब्रवीत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Speaker

Sūta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Śabda-śāstra: meaning and form are systematized; grammatical categories (sup/tiṅ) and derivational understanding are transmitted through authoritative teachers.

Vedantic Theme: Śabda as pramāṇa (means of knowledge) and the disciplined use of language for right understanding.

Application: Study foundational grammar/metrics to preserve textual integrity; apply careful semantic analysis before drawing doctrinal conclusions.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.207 (immediately following chandas/śāstra exposition; internal continuity)

Characters & Entities
S
Sūta
K
Kātyāyana
K
Kumāra

FAQs

The verse references the foundational grammatical framework where nouns take suP case-endings and verbs take tiṅ endings, indicating that a standard linguistic form was only briefly named and later elaborated in detail.

It shows the Purana’s inclusion of technical, traditional learning—here, a brief mention of a grammatical point followed by attribution to an authoritative explanatory lineage (Kumāra → Kātyāyana).

It encourages careful study: brief labels and summaries are useful, but deeper understanding comes from detailed explanations and learning within a reliable tradition.

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