Shloka 37

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

प्रवृत्तस्नेहपानादेः सहसापथ्यसेविनः / अत्यम्बुपानान्मन्दाग्नेः क्षीणस्यातिकृशस्य च

Transliteration

pravṛttasnehapānādeḥ sahasāpathyasevinaḥ / atyambupānānmandāgneḥ kṣīṇasyātikṛśasya ca

Translation

此病起于行油润饮服（snehapāna）等法后，骤然违背相宜之戒；亦由过饮清水、消化之火（agni）微弱，以及形体亏损、极度消瘦而致。

Word by Word

• pravṛtta-sneha-pāna-ādeḥ: of one given to drinking fats/oils etc.
• pravṛtta-sneha-pāna-ādeḥ: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pravṛtta (प्रातिपदिक; pra√vṛt + क्त) + sneha (प्रातिपदिक) + pāna (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (ādi as masc.), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (प्रवृत्तं स्नेहपानादि यस्य/स्य = of one engaged in drinking fats etc.)

• sahasā: suddenly, rashly
• sahasā: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (suddenly/impetuously)

• apathya-sevinaḥ: of one who indulges in unwholesome regimen
• apathya-sevinaḥ: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: apathya (प्रातिपदिक) + sevin (प्रातिपदिक; √sev + इन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (अपथ्यं सेवते इति)

• ati-ambu-pānāt: from excessive water-drinking
• ati-ambu-pānāt: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + ambu (प्रातिपदिक) + pāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (अत्यधिकं अम्बुपानम्)

• mandāgneḥ: of one with weak digestion
• mandāgneḥ: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manda (प्रातिपदिक) + agni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (मन्दः अग्निः = weak digestive fire)

• kṣīṇasya: of the emaciated/weakened (person)
• kṣīṇasya: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣīṇa (प्रातिपदिक; √kṣi + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying implied person)

• ati-kṛśasya: of the very thin (person)
• ati-kṛśasya: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + kṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (अत्यन्तं कृशः)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Apathyasevana (unwholesome regimen) and disregard of digestive capacity (mandagni) precipitate disease; disciplined conduct toward food and habits is protective.

Vedantic Theme: Yukta-ahara-vihara (measured living) as support for sattva and clarity; body as instrument requiring dharmic care.

Application: Avoid sudden/incorrect dietary practices, excessive water intake, and habits that weaken agni; prioritize digestibility, moderation, and timely medical attention when wasting and discharge appear.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.161: nidana (causes) of udaravyadhi—apathya, mandagni, atikrshta (emaciation)

Characters & Entities

• Udara (abdominal disease—clinical term)

FAQs

What key symptoms of udara (abdominal disorder) are listed in this Garuda Purana verse?

Thirst, rectal discharge with pain, cough, breathlessness, loss of appetite, and visible spreading veins of varied coloration.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not directly describe the afterlife; it frames bodily suffering as a consequence of imbalance, reinforcing Garuda Purana’s broader ethic that disciplined living supports dharma and spiritual progress.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat these as warning signs: seek qualified medical care early, correct diet and routine, and avoid habits that weaken digestion and promote fluid stagnation.