Shloka 31

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

काशश्वासोरुसद्गनं शिरोरुङ्नाभिपार्श्वरुक् / मलासंगो ऽरुचिश्छर्दिरुदरे मलमारुतः

Transliteration

kāśaśvāsorusadganaṃ śiroruṅnābhipārśvaruk / malāsaṃgo 'ruciśchardirudare malamārutaḥ

Translation

咳嗽、气喘、大腿沉重、头痛以及肚脐和两侧疼痛随之而来。便秘、食欲不振、呕吐以及腹中恶臭气体也会发生。

Word by Word

• काश: cough
• काश: Upapada (Qualifier/उपपद)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-समासाङ्ग

• श्वास: dyspnea, breathlessness
• श्वास: Upapada (Qualifier/उपपद)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-समासाङ्ग

• उरु: severe, great
• उरु: Upapada (Qualifier/उपपद)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत्-विशेषण, प्रथमा-समासाङ्ग; ‘great/severe’ अर्थे

• सद्गनम्: foul smell
• सद्गनम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक) + गन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः: सत्-गन्धम् (दुर्गन्ध/कुत्सितगन्ध इत्यर्थे)

• शिरः: head
• शिरः: Upapada (Qualifier/उपपद)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-समासाङ्ग

• रुक्: pain
• रुक्: Upapada (Qualifier/उपपद)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुज्/रुक् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-समासाङ्ग

• नाभि: navel
• नाभि: Upapada (Qualifier/उपपद)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाभि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-समासाङ्ग

• पार्श्व: side, flank
• पार्श्व: Upapada (Qualifier/उपपद)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-समासाङ्ग

• रुक्: headache and navel/flank pain
• रुक्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुज्/रुक् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः: शिरो-रुक् + नाभि-पार्श्व-रुक् (समाहार/द्वन्द्व-समुच्चय)

• मल: stool, waste
• मल: Upapada (Qualifier/उपपद)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, प्रथमा-समासाङ्ग

• आसङ्गः: constipation/obstruction of stool
• आसङ्गः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः: मल-आसङ्गः (मलस्य आसङ्गः)

• अरुचिः: loss of appetite
• अरुचिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• छर्दिः: vomiting
• छर्दिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: छर्दि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• उदरे: in the abdomen
• उदरे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• मलमारुतः: wind associated with feces (flatus)
• मलमारुतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मल (प्रातिपदिक) + मारुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः: मल-मारुतः (मलसम्बद्धो वायुः)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue, instructing Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Systemic spread of vāta disturbance: respiratory (kāsa-śvāsa), edema/heaviness, cephalic pain, abdominal/side pain, anorexia, vomiting, and mala-vāta churn.

Vedantic Theme: Duḥkha as a signal within prakṛti; wise action is to read signs without panic and restore balance.

Application: Recognize red-flag clusters (dyspnea + abdominal obstruction + vomiting); reduce vāta-provoking factors; seek treatment; support digestion and elimination before complications.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.161.30–34 (progression of abdominal disorder signs)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of describing such symptoms in the Garuda Purana?

The text links bodily distress to the broader teaching on mortality and karmic consequence, urging timely dharma, repentance, and proper end-of-life rites.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By stressing intense bodily suffering and decline, it frames death as a transition where preparation—through devotion, ethical living, and prescribed rites—becomes crucial for the soul’s onward journey.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Maintain dharmic conduct, seek timely care and clarity at life’s end, and follow family traditions of śrāddha/pinda offerings with faith and sobriety.