Shloka 12

Prameha-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa-Bheda: Etiology, Signs, Varieties, and Complications of Meha

Devanagari script

शूलमुन्निद्राता शोषः श्वासः कासञ्च जायते / शराविका कच्छपिका ज्वालिनी विनतालजी

Transliteration

śūlamunnidrātā śoṣaḥ śvāsaḥ kāsañca jāyate / śarāvikā kacchapikā jvālinī vinatālajī

Translation

生起如被长矛刺穿般的剧痛、失眠、枯瘦、气促与咳嗽。这些正是在名为舍罗维迦（Śarāvikā）、迦遮毗迦（Kacchapikā）与阇瓦利尼（Jvālinī）的地狱中所受之苦，噢，毗那多之子迦楼罗。

Word by Word

• शूलम्: colic, pain
• शूलम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• उन्निद्राता: sleeplessness/insomnia
• उन्निद्राता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उन्निद्राता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• शोषः: wasting, dryness
• शोषः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• श्वासः: dyspnea, breathlessness
• श्वासः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• कासम्: cough
• कासम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• जायते: arises
• जायते: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• शराविका: a type of pustule (śarāvikā)
• शराविका: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शराविका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• कच्छपिका: a type of pustule (kacchapikā)
• कच्छपिका: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कच्छपिका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• ज्वालिनी: a burning-type pustule (jvālinī)
• ज्वालिनी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्वालिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• विनतालजी: a type of pustule (vinatālajī)
• विनतालजी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनतालजी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Naraka

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Specific torments correspond to karmic causes; suffering is portrayed as consequence and instruction.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-phala within saṃsāra; fear as a spur toward dharma and ultimately vairāgya.

Application: Use the depiction as a deterrent: avoid harmful actions and cultivate corrective conduct; reflect on consequences to reform behavior.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Geographic Context

Type: naraka (hell)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa sections describing narakas and karmic correspondences (general)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda (Vinata-putra)

FAQs

What is the importance of describing Naraka (hells) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse uses vivid bodily afflictions—piercing pain, insomnia, wasting, breathlessness, and cough—to impress that harmful karma ripens into concrete suffering, motivating restraint and dharmic living.

How does this verse explain the soul’s journey after death?

In the Preta Kanda narrative, the departed experiences consequences in specific Narakas; this verse lists the felt torments and names particular hell-regions, showing that post-death experience is structured by karmic result.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat the body and others’ bodies with non-violence, avoid harmful actions that create suffering, and adopt dharmic discipline (self-control, compassion, truthfulness) to reduce negative karmic outcomes.