Shloka 8

Vratas, Nakṣatra Observances, Naivedya Rules, and Tithi-wise Devatā Worship

Devanagari script

अर्वाग्विसर्जनाद्द्रव्यं नैवेद्यं सर्वमुच्यते / विसर्जिते जगन्नाथे निर्माल्यं भवति क्षणात्

Transliteration

arvāgvisarjanāddravyaṃ naivedyaṃ sarvamucyate / visarjite jagannāthe nirmālyaṃ bhavati kṣaṇāt

Translation

在正式行“毗萨尔迦那”(visarjana，送神)之前，一切所献之物皆称为“奈维迪亚”(naivedya，供品)。一旦送别主Jagannātha，顷刻之间便成“尼尔玛利亚”(nirmālya，撤下的余供)。

Word by Word

• arvāk: before (prior to)
• arvāk: Adhikarana (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: arvāk (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), उपसर्गसदृश-पूर्वपद/दिशावाचक (directional adverb: 'before/this side')

• visarjanāt: from the dismissal (ritual sending off)
• visarjanāt: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: visarjana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन

• dravyam: the substance (offering material)
• dravyam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dravya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• naivedyam: (is) naivedya, food-offering
• naivedyam: Karma (Object complement/कर्मसंज्ञा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: naivedya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; विधेय/समानााधिकरण (predicate nominative)

• sarvam: all
• sarvam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• ucyate: is called
• ucyate: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लट् लकार (Present), कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• visarjite: when (he/it is) dismissed
• visarjite: Adhikarana (Locative absolute/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: visṛj (धातु) + visarjita (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), सप्तमी विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; नपुंसक/पुंलिङ्ग-सामान्यरूप (locative absolute sense)

• jagannāthe: in/when Jagannātha (Lord of the world)
• jagannāthe: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat + nātha (प्रातिपदिक), जगन्नाथ (समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (jagataḥ nāthaḥ)

• nirmālyam: remnants/used offering (nirmālya)
• nirmālyam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nirmālya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• bhavati: becomes
• bhavati: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लट् लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• kṣaṇāt: immediately, from that moment
• kṣaṇāt: Apadana (Time-from/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन; कालवाचक (temporal ablative)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa/Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ritual ontology of offerings: ownership/sacral status changes with formal dismissal (visarjana).

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara-sambandha (relation to the Lord) sanctifies matter; ritual acts mark transitions in that sambandha.

Application: Do not treat offered items as ordinary food/objects until the deity’s formal dismissal; after visarjana, handle as nirmālya/prasāda per tradition (distribution, respectful disposal).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: temple/altar space (arcana-mandala)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.137 (pūjā-vidhi context: naivedya, visarjana, nirmālya handling)

Characters & Entities

• Jagannātha

FAQs

What is the importance of visarjana in Garuda Purana ritual instructions?

This verse states that offerings remain classified as naivedya only up to the point of ritual dismissal; the completion (visarjana) marks the transition after which they are treated as nirmālya.

How does this verse define naivedya versus nirmālya?

Naivedya is the offering while the deity’s worship context is ongoing; immediately after Jagannātha’s visarjana, the same substance is regarded as nirmālya—consecrated remnants/removed offerings.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

In home or temple pūjā, treat offerings as naivedya until the concluding rites are done; afterward, handle and distribute the remnants as nirmālya/prasāda with appropriate reverence.