Shloka 2

Vratas, Nakṣatra Observances, Naivedya Rules, and Tithi-wise Devatā Worship

Devanagari script

(इति मदनकत्रयोदशीव्रतम्) / चतुर्दश्यां तथाष्टभ्यां पक्ष्योः शुक्लकृष्णयोः / यो ऽब्दमेकं न भुञ्जीत मुक्तिभाक् शिवपूजनात्

Transliteration

(iti madanakatrayodaśīvratam) / caturdaśyāṃ tathāṣṭabhyāṃ pakṣyoḥ śuklakṛṣṇayoḥ / yo 'bdamekaṃ na bhuñjīta muktibhāk śivapūjanāt

Translation

至此，摩达那迦·十三日誓（Madanaka-Trayodaśī）圆满。于两半月（白分与黑分）的第十四日与第八日，若有人一年之中持不食戒，则因礼拜湿婆而得解脱之分。

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इत्यादि-समाप्त्यर्थक (quotative/end marker)

• मदनकत्रयोदशीव्रतम्: the Madanaka-trayodaśī vow
• मदनकत्रयोदशीव्रतम्: Karta (Subject/Title)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मदनक-त्रयोदशी-व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (मदनकस्य त्रयोदशीव्रतम्)

• चतुर्दश्याम्: on the fourteenth (lunar day)
• चतुर्दश्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्दशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थक (adverb: likewise)

• अष्टभ्याम्: on the two eighth (lunar days)
• अष्टभ्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अष्ट (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (अष्टमी-तिथि-सम्बन्धे), तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), द्विवचन; 'on the two aṣṭamīs' (by/with the two eighth days)

• पक्ष्योः: of the two fortnights
• पक्ष्योः: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन

• शुक्लकृष्णयोः: of the bright and dark (fortnights)
• शुक्लकृष्णयोः: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक्ल-कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन; द्वन्द्व (शुक्लः च कृष्णः च)

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अब्दम्: a year
• अब्दम्: Karma (Extent/Duration as object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• एकम्: one
• एकम्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेधार्थक (negation particle)

• भुञ्जीत: should eat
• भुञ्जीत: Kriya (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• मुक्तिभाक्: partaker of liberation
• मुक्तिभाक्: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुक्ति-भाज् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (मुक्तिं भजते)

• शिवपूजनात्: from (the merit of) worship of Śiva
• शिवपूजनात्: Apadana (Cause/Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव-पूजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (शिवस्य पूजनम्)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in discourse to Garuḍa/Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Regular fasting discipline over a year, aligned to lunar days, coupled with Śiva-pūjā, is declared to confer mukti-eligibility.

Vedantic Theme: Tapas and upāsanā as purifiers leading toward liberation; devotion as a means to transcend karmic bondage.

Application: Adopt a sustainable vrata (dietary restraint) on chosen tithis with sincere worship/meditation; ensure health-appropriate modifications while keeping the spirit of restraint and remembrance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: temple/household vrata setting (implied)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.137.1 (preceding dāna and merit)

Characters & Entities

• Śiva

FAQs

What is the importance of observing fasting on Aṣṭamī and Caturdaśī in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

This verse states that fasting on both Aṣṭamī and Caturdaśī in the waxing and waning fortnights for one year, combined with Śiva-pūjā, is presented as a direct means to become “muktibhāk” (fit for liberation).

How does this verse explain the path of the soul toward liberation?

Rather than describing post-death travel, the verse frames liberation as attainable through disciplined observance (regular fasting across both pakṣas) supported by devotional worship of Śiva, emphasizing purification and merit as preparatory causes for mokṣa.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If medically appropriate, practice periodic fasting or dietary restraint on Aṣṭamī/Caturdaśī with sincere prayer and ethical conduct; the teaching highlights consistency (one year) and devotion as key to spiritual progress.