Adhyaya 130
Brahma KhandaAdhyaya 1308 Verses

Adhyaya 130

Phala-Saptamī and Vijayā-Saptamī: Bhādrapada Worship, Feeding, Mantra, and Sevenfold Saptamī Restraints

本章延续以ācāra(行仪)为主的教诲,梵天指出:婆陀罗钵陀月(Bhādrapada)最适宜礼敬迦尔蒂凯耶(Kārttikeya/Skanda),此月行沐浴与布施,可得不坏之功德(akṣaya)。随后专说七日斋(Saptamī)之法:施食于人、以饮食恭敬婆罗门,并以简短真言礼拜日神苏利耶(Sūrya)。仪轨于第八日以marīca(胡椒)开斋而圆满;第七日则严守沐浴与日轮崇拜。又以椰枣、椰子或香橼等果品供养,祈愿摩尔坦达(Mārtaṇḍa)欢喜、诸愿成就,终以甜乳饭(pāyasa)施食并奉上dakṣiṇā。继而提出胜利七日斋(Vijayā-saptamī)为更严苦之誓,求财与求子,强调舍弃熟食,以断食克服饥渴与我慢。末了列出七项七日斋禁戒:谷物、器皿、肉类、酒、蜂蜜、妆饰/涂抹品与芝麻;并宣示持久节制必得所求之果。本章以此示范:vrata如何将信敬、布施、饮食纪律与清净规约合为可反复修持的法门。

Shlokas

Verse 1

नामैकोनत्रिंशोत्तरशततमो ऽध्यायः ब्रह्मोवाच / एवं भाद्रपदे मासि कार्तिकेयं प्रपूयेत् / स्नानदानादिकं सर्वमस्यामक्षय्यमुच्यते

第一百三十章。梵天(Brahmā)说道:“因此,在婆陀罗钵陀月(Bhādrapada)应当如法礼敬迦尔蒂凯耶(Kārtikeya,斯甘达)。在此时所行的一切,如仪式沐浴与布施等,皆被称为能得不坏、不竭的功德。”

Verse 2

सप्तम्यां प्राशयेच्चपि भोज्यं विप्रान्रविं यजेत् / ॐ खखोल्कायमृतत्वं (तन्तं) प्रियसङ्गमो भव सद स्वाहा

在第七月日(saptamī)时,也应施食于人,供养婆罗门以餐,并礼拜太阳神。随后诵曰:“唵——噢,Khakholkāya——赐予不死甘露;愿与所爱者恒常相合;娑婆诃(svāhā)。”

Verse 3

अष्टम्यां पारणं कुर्यान्मरीचं प्राश्य स्वर्गभाक् सप्तम्यां नियतः स्नात्वा पूजयित्वा दिवाकरम्

在第八月日(aṣṭamī)应行破斋以圆满戒行;食用marīca(黑胡椒)者,得享天界之分。于第七月日,持戒自律者沐浴后,应礼敬天照者Divākara(太阳)。

Verse 4

दद्यात्फलानि विप्रेभ्यो मार्तण्डः प्रीयतामिति / खर्जूरं नारिकेलं वा प्राशयेन्मातुलुङ्गकम्

当以果品施与婆罗门,并说道:“愿摩尔坦达(Mārtaṇḍa,太阳)欢喜。”可供奉椰枣、或椰子,或令其品尝mātuluṅga(香橼/枸橼)。

Verse 5

सर्वे भवन्तु सफला मम कामाः समन्ततः / (इति फलसप्तमी) संपूज्य देवं सप्तम्यां पायसेनाथ भोजयेत्

“愿我一切所愿,四方周遍,皆得圆满成就。”如是即为“果之第七日”(Phala-saptamī)之仪;恭敬供奉神明后,于第七月日当以pāyasa(甜乳米)设食供养。

Verse 6

विप्रांश्च दक्षिणां दत्त्वा स्वयं चाथ पयः पिबेत् / भक्ष्यं चोष्यं तथा लेह्यं ओदनं चेति कीर्तितम्

先向婆罗门奉上达克希那(dakṣiṇā,供养酬敬)之后,行者方可自受——饮牛乳——并备办/供奉可嚼、可吮、可舔之食与熟饭;如是宣说。

Verse 7

धनपुत्रादिकामस्तु त्यजेदेतदनोदनः वाय्वाशी विजयेत्क्षुच्च कुर्याद्विजयसप्तमीम् / अद्यादर्कं च कामेच्छुरुपवासे तरेन्मदम्

欲求财富、子嗣等者,当舍弃熟饭;唯以气息为食,制胜饥饿,奉行“胜利七日(Vijayā-saptamī)”之戒。又,求成所愿者,当食 arka(苦行之仪食),并以斋戒克服沉醉——即傲慢与贪欲。

Verse 8

गोधूममाषयवषष्टिककांस्यपात्रं पाषाणपिष्टमधुमैषुनमद्यमांसम् / अभ्यञ्जनाञ्जनतिलांश्च विवर्जयेद्यः तस्येषितं भवति सप्तसु सप्तमीषु

若有人于七个 Saptamī 之日戒除:小麦、黑豆(māṣa)、大麦(yava)、ṣaṣṭika 米;不用钟铜器(kāṃsya)进食;不食石磨/石臼所碾之物;不食蜂蜜、水牛肉、酒与诸肉;并避开涂油按摩、点安阇那(añjana,眼药/眼线)与芝麻——则于这七个 Saptamī 中得其所愿之果。

Frequently Asked Questions

Phala-saptamī is a Saptamī-centered solar observance that includes bathing, Sūrya-pūjā, feeding others and brāhmaṇas, offering fruits (e.g., dates/coconut/citron) with a prayer for Mārtaṇḍa’s pleasure, and arranging a sweet-rice (pāyasa) feeding. The practitioner gives dakṣiṇā, then partakes in a regulated meal (including milk and categorized foods), and completes the fast by breaking it on the eighth day.

Vijayā-saptamī is presented as more austere and goal-oriented for prosperity and progeny. It emphasizes renunciation of cooked food and intensified fasting—symbolically ‘conquering hunger’ and overcoming inner intoxication/pride—whereas Phala-saptamī emphasizes fruit-offerings, communal feeding, and a structured completion with specific foods and dakṣiṇā.

The text lists abstentions from wheat, black gram, barley, ṣaṣṭika rice, eating from bell-metal, food ground on stone, honey, buffalo-meat, liquor, and meat; and also avoiding oil-massage, collyrium, and sesame. These function as niyamas that standardize purity and restraint across repeated Saptamīs, making the vrata a sustained discipline rather than a one-day ritual, and are promised to yield the desired result when consistently observed.